Two intermediate elementary grade level learning disabled students deficient in reading skills participated in a study to explore the efficacy of utilizing a token reinforcement program combined with behavioral contracting to increase the acquisition rate of sight vocabulary. Word recognition behavioral data were collected by measuring the time…

To test three hypotheses concerning fingerspelling's contribution to word recognition, 24 deaf children in three age groups (7-9, 10-12, and 13-15 years) were administered a vocabulary recognition test and a lexical decision task. Subjects' performance was measured by the number of words accurately identified and the response latency. Results did…

Good readers and poor readers showed highly similar data patterns. (Author)

Surveys how children develop their powers of word identification, and questions common assumptions about the utility of sight words. (TO)

Recognition and retention of high imagery nouns was significantly better than for low imagery nouns for both retarded and nonretarded Ss. Between-group differences were not observed except for delay recall. (Author)

Ss either saw the film twice, read the script twice, or read the script and saw the film with target words stressed by the teacher in all cases. Posttests indicated that Ss who both read the script and saw the film had the greatest increase in number of words recognized. (DB)

There is a significant relation between the ability to spell words and an understanding of their meaning. (JD)

To succeed at reading, children must be able to identify or "read" printed words and understand the story or text composed of those words. For many children, increasing reading and school success will involve increasing oral language competence in the elementary years. Lack of appropriate vocabulary knowledge can result in academic failure. (SM)

Recent research on developmental dyslexia has suggested a phonological core deficit hypothesis (e.g., Manis, Seidenberg, Doi, McBride-Chang, & Peterson, 1996; Stanovich, Siegel, & Gottardo, 1997) whereby pure cases of developmental phonological dyslexia (dysfunctional phonetic decoding processing but normal sight vocabulary processing) can exist,…

Numerous instructional techniques have been used to teach sight word reading skills to individuals with developmental disabilities. The results of research incorporating paired associate instruction, in which familiar pictures are paired with unknown print stimuli, suggest that pictures ''block'' (i.e., interfere with) learners' ability to…

The strategies used by children in word recognition are examined. A critical review of some of the classical research which has influenced current thinking about how words are recognized is presented along with a discussion of some of the errors which can be found in these studies. A five-stage model of how beginning readers learn to recognize…

The purpose of this study was to determine effects of various prompting procedures in teaching children a sight vocabulary. The five words which comprised the sight vocabulary were presented to 96 five-year-olds in nursery and elementary schools. During initial training, integrated stimuli and non-integrated stimuli differed with respect to the…

Short, sight-word vocabulary lists derived from the spontaneous speech of four different groups of children are compared with the vocabulary in six beginning reading series. Very high levels of agreement were found for function, but not for content, words. (JMF)