Ninety six second graders each had three study/test trials with picture/picture or picture/word associates. Article investigated their responses. (Author/RK)

Differences between learning disabled and nonlearning disabled children's paired-associate learning can be eliminated by using instructional modifications. Procedures that reduce the "overloading" of the learning disabled students' cognitive processes have positive effects on associative learning. (CJ)

Four experiments examined priming between newly learned paired associates through two procedures, lexical decision and item recognition. Results argue against a functional separation of the semantic and episodic memory systems. (Author/AM)

Using recognition tests with new and old exemplars (multiple-component characters) and prototypes (common components), the traditional language learning technique of paired-associate training with exemplars of Chinese characters and specific English translations led to the poorest performance of the three methods tested. Learning either exemplars…

Artificial symbol-word correspondence in a simple paired associate learning task were used to determine whether disabled readers have a general problem dealing with complex and/or irregular rule systems. The performance of 36 normal readers and 36 disabled readers in grades 4 through 7 was compared. Disabled readers had IQ scores of 87 or above…

Research supported by the Cooperative Research Program of the U.S. Office of Education, CRP-S-378.

THE PURPOSE OF THIS RESEARCH WAS TO EXAMINE THE EFFECTS OF SEVERAL MEASURES OF WORD-RELATEDNESS ON SEVERAL VERBAL LEARNING TASKS--PRIMARILY PAIRED-ASSOCIATES LEARNING AND VERBAL DISCRIMINATION LEARNING, WITH INCIDENTAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO FREE RECALL AND SEMANTIC GENERALIZATION. THE STRATEGY WAS TO SELECT A SAMPLE OF WORD PAIRS (240 COMMON NOUNS…

In simultaneous learning two verbal lists are interlaced for study, with each tested separately. In the present experiments simultaneous learning was used as a means of determining the conditions under which study time or learning resources might be reallocated between lists. One of the lists was called the standard list and remained constant…

It sometimes happens that one is unable to recall a word or name that he feels he knows very well. This state of frustrated recall is referred to as a tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) experience. Two experiments were devised to compare the ability of a weak trace and a decoding-failure model to predict the conditions under which TOT reports would be most…

One hundred six recent articles are abstracted that are relevant to research carried on in the Word Identification activity. The articles cover investigations on intersensory integration, response mediation, and facets of response learning. (Author)

The purpose of this study was to resolve the focal attention versus context controversy. Eighty first-grade and 84 second-grade children from a metropolitan school system served as subjects. Subjects in each grade were randomly assigned to each of four experimental conditions: picture-word, no picture-word, picture-sentence, and no…

The purpose of the eight experiments was to assess the role which associations between two words played in recognition decisions. The evidence on weak associations established in the laboratory indicated that association was playing a small role, but that the recognition performance on pairs of words was highly predictable from frequency…

The paper reports on an Australian study comparing two methods of teaching a word recognition reading task to eight mildly retarded adolescents. One method involved incidental learning, while the other involved a more structured paired-associate approach. It was found that all eight Ss learned a short list of tool names equally well under either…