The elaborative retrieval account of retrieval-based learning proposes that retrieval enhances retention because the retrieval process produces the generation of semantic mediators that link cues to target information. We tested 2 assumptions that form the basis of this account: that semantic mediators are more likely to be generated during…

Three experiments were designed to test whether experimentally created ad hoc associative networks evoke false memories. We used the DRM (Deese, Roediger, McDermott) paradigm with lists of ad hoc categories composed of exemplars aggregated toward specific goals (e.g., going for a picnic) that do not share any consistent set of features. Experiment…

In a series of analyses over mega datasets, Jones, Johns, and Recchia (Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 66(2), 115-124, 2012) and Johns et al. (Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 132:2, EL74-EL80, 2012) found that a measure of contextual diversity that takes into account the semantic variability of a word's contexts provided…

The First Grade Baseline Evaluation is an optional tool that can be used at the beginning of the school year to help teachers get to know the reading and language skills of each student. The evaluation is composed of seven screenings. Teachers may use the entire evaluation or choose to use those individual screenings that they find most beneficial…

The First Grade Pre-Screening is designed to be used at the start of the first grade school year so that teachers can obtain information about their incoming students. This information is intended to give teachers insight about what math and reading skills a student may or may not have at the beginning of the year. The information can aid teachers…

Do humans search in memory using dynamic local-to-global search strategies similar to those that animals use to forage between patches in space? If so, do their dynamic memory search policies correspond to optimal foraging strategies seen for spatial foraging? Results from a number of fields suggest these possibilities, including the shared…

A one-year longitudinal study was performed to test the hypothesis that children's word-specific learning of regular words is a causal determinate in their understanding and use of simple correspondence rules in reading and spelling. Kindergarten and first-grade children were asked to read and spell real words and matched pseudowords in three…

Visual speech perception has become a topic of considerable interest to speech researchers. Previous research has demonstrated that perceivers neurally encode and use speech information from the visual modality, and this information has been found to facilitate spoken word recognition in tasks such as lexical decision (Kim, Davis, & Krins,…

AN AUDIOLINGUAL, SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL COURSE IN RUSSIAN, AS DESCRIBED HERE, CAN SERVE TO COORDINATE THE COMPLEX INTERACTION BETWEEN STUDENT, TEACHER, AND WORKBOOK. THE USE OF A PROGRAMED WORKBOOK AND TAPED MATERIALS IS DISCUSSED IN PART I, GIVING CONSIDERATION TO SUCH FACTORS AS COURSE PROCEDURES, CONVERSATION TAPES, PRONUNCIATION, AND READING. THE…

Compares the results of surveys done in 1975 and 1985 with Indiana teachers regarding their physical environment and related problems. Results indicated that teachers had limited environmental literacy but had higher marks in 1985 than in 1975. (TW)

Specific reading program objectives are included in this guide in the areas of prereading; word recognition; comprehension; study skills; and attitudes, interests, and values. Methods of determining reading ability by diagnosis and methods for estimating reading potential are discussed. Factors involved in early reading experiences which are…