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Artley, A. Sterl – 1965
Phonics is the application of the science of speech sounds to reading and spelling, and it is concerned with the sounds of the spoken language (phonemes) and their graphic forms (graphemes). In the English language there is not a 1-to-1 grapheme-phoneme relationship; 43 basic speech sounds are recorded by using 26 letters. Other irregularities…
Descriptors: Graphemes, Phonemes, Phonetics, Phonics
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Artley, A. Sterl – Language Arts, 1977
A review of research on phonics, concluding that phonics instruction should be minimal. (DD)
Descriptors: Elementary Education, Literature Reviews, Phonetics, Phonics