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Assessing Why the Testing Effect Is Moderated by Experimental Design
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Mulligan, Neil W.; Buchin, Zachary L.; West, John T. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
The testing effect is 1 of several memory effects moderated by experimental design, such that the effect on free recall is larger in a mixed-list than pure-list design (Mulligan, Susser, & Smith, 2016). The current experiments assess hypotheses regarding why this pattern is found. Three extant accounts of design effects (Nguyen & McDaniel,…
Descriptors: Testing, Research Design, Recall (Psychology), Memory
The Negative Testing Effect and Multifactor Account
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Peterson, Daniel J.; Mulligan, Neil W. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
Across 3 experiments, we investigated the factors that dictate when taking a test improves subsequent memory performance (the "testing effect"). In Experiment 1, participants retrieving a set of targets during a retrieval practice phase ultimately recalled fewer of those targets compared with a group of participants who studied the…
Descriptors: Memory, Experimental Psychology, Tests, Recall (Psychology)
Paired Associate Acquisition as a Function of Number on Initial Nontest Trials
LaPorte, Ronald; Voss, James F. – Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1974
The present experiment was designed to investigate the role of the PA test trial by use of a design in which the testing phase of a series of PA recall trials was deleted and replaced on each of the trials by a computational procedure. (Author)
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Paired Associate Learning, Recall (Psychology), Research Methodology