An overview of the achievements of black women in sports is presented in this collection of essays, biographical sketches, and philosophical investigations. The work is divided into five chapters, the first of which focuses on prejudice (racial and sexual), absence of black women as subjects in the research base, work/home/family pressures, black…

This paper discusses the Equal Pay Act, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as it applies to women athletic coaches and physical education teachers. The following points are considered: (1) application of the Equal Pay Act; (2) advantage of voluntary compliance with the Equal Pay Act; (3) factors used to measure "equal work"; (4)…

Learning through motoric experience is a vital but often neglected component of a well balanced and comprehensive education. The performance of athletic activities enhances body awareness and contributes to the holistic learning process. However, unspoken mythic patterns assumed by Western society systematically inhibit full exploration of certain…

This policy brief highlights the interrelationship between sports participation and teen pregnancy prevention, noting barriers that have prevented sports from being utilized in teen pregnancy prevention. Discrimination against girls and women in school sports persists 30 years after Congress enacted Title IX, and this prevents girls and young…

Problems of collegiate athletics are identified: failure to prepare athletes for employment, underfinancing of women's sports, and inadequate athletic recreation for many students. A monitoring system on recruiting, financial aid, academic eligibility is suggested along with institutional cooperation to reduce the competitive pressure. (Author/MLW)

The implementation of Title IX legislation has created opportunities for leadership positions in girls' and women's athletics. Administrative positions have been created for women to provide specific direction to new programs. Many women placed in leadership positions have had little previous administrative experience. (JN)

Legal and policy challenges may occur in institutions affiliating with both the National Collegiate Athletic Association and the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women in areas concerning women's sports. The critical question is how to maintain necessary financial support for viable women's programs. (MSE)

Sex role stereotyping in physical education is viewed in historical perspective. Though Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 was intended to provide equal opportunities for males and females to develop skills in a full range of activities, its implementation has not eradicated the underlying sex stereotypes. (JN)

Examines the "Holdman" case and discusses how the constitutional and legal requirements of Hawaii's Equal Rights Amendment should serve to redress sex discrimination in athletics. Available from University of Hawaii Law Review, University of Hawaii School of Law, 1400 Lower Campus Road, Honolulu, HI 96822. (Author/IRT)

The philosophy, purpose, grading procedure, and course requirements for the University of Delaware's "Women in Sports" course are set forth. A course outline is provided, along with tips and a resource materials listing for those interested in initiating similar programs. (LH)

Discusses what has happened to women in athletic administration since Title IX. Administrators from various competitive athletic levels respond to questions about the advantages and disadvantages of Title IX relative to their athletic administration. (SM)

Reports a study that compared the newspaper coverage of girls' and boys' high school hockey teams in Minnesota from November 1994 to March 1995. Researchers coded each newspaper article for sex, length, and photo types. Results indicated that boys' high school hockey received much more newspaper coverage than girls' high school hockey. (SM)

Studies of physical education teacher training have already established that hegemonic forms of masculinity are reinforced and reproduced both in the hidden curriculum (Flintoff, 1997) and the informal student culture (Skelton, 1993). Given this, an important feminist concern is whether male PE teachers whose own masculine identities are anchored…

Findings from analysis of television coverage of women in sport during the 1970's and early 1980's suggested that coverage was considerably less than for men's televised sport, and that coverage of women athletes was characterized by stereotypical images and limited information. Trends reported by researchers who examined the status of women…

In the late 19th century and the early 20th century, an era of narrowly circumscribed female roles, basketball created tension by expanding women's opportunities for competitive athletic activity. The characteristics which made it popular with women--spontaneity, freedom of movement, and vigorous team play--contradicted prevailing ideals of…