This article illustrates projected employment change by industry and industry sector over 2010-20 decade. Workers are grouped into an industry according to the type of good produced or service provided by the establishment for which they work. Industry employment projections are shown in terms of numeric change (growth or decline in the total…

Background/Context: This paper arises out of frustration with the results of school reforms carried out over the past few decades. These efforts have failed. They need to be abandoned. In their place must come recognition that income inequality causes many social problems, including problems associated with education. Sadly, compared to all other…

Women born in 1935 went to college significantly less than their male counterparts and married women's labor force participation (LFP) averaged 40% between the ages of thirty and forty. The cohort born twenty years later behaved very differently. The education gender gap was eliminated and married women's LFP averaged 70% over the same ages. In…

The U.S. economy has undergone dramatic changes in recent decades. Jobs that required limited skills--but still paid a family-supporting wage--have disappeared and increasingly have been replaced with jobs that either require higher levels of education and skills "or" require little education and training but offer no pathways to careers…

Innovation is the key to productivity growth and prosperity. Most empirical cross-country analysis of the determinants of innovation focus mainly on developed countries. The objective of this study is to fill this gap in the research and analyze the determinants of innovation in transition countries of Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union.…

Analyzes the situation of women workers in Czechoslovakia in terms of working conditions, difference in earnings compared to men, and attitudes toward work. Future developments, including massive unemployment of women, are outlined. (SK)

The new Area Wage Survey program index method introduced in January 1973 provides a more accurate reflection of establishment wage rate changes than the old method, through elimination of the influence of employment shifts. (EA)

Rates of increase were higher for employees in unionized establishments, and for nonmanufacturing workers. (Author)

In September 1988, 13.1 million people in the United States wanted jobs, a jobless rate more than twice the official unemployment rate. The official rate does not count the people who have stopped looking for work because they believe that none is available. However, joblessness is only part of the problem. Also important is the phenomenon of the…

This paper assesses the nature and extent of poverty in the USSR in the post-Stalin period, primarily in the decade after 1958. The author describes Soviet anti-poverty policies and discusses their impact. He notes that the Soviet government's ability to influence economic welfare and income distribution lies in its control over wage and salary…

Nine articles discuss the effect of economic and social upheaval on employment and wages in Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, the USSR, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. (SK)

Using a wide variety of data on family incomes, taxes, wages, unemployment, wealth, and poverty, this book closely examines the impact of the economy on the living standards of the United States. An executive summary gives an overview of the economic realities that characterize the state of the working nation. Other introductory materials include…

The Composite Indicator of Changes (CIC) in average salaries and wages paid by public school systems is a statistical measure based on data collected and reported annually for 28 of 32 public employee positions that gauges and compares salary changes and analyzes salary trends in individual school systems, groups of school systems, and nationally.…

Innovations in data processing permit more intensive analysis of major collective bargaining settlements. (Author)

Although wages rose slightly more than prices in 1977, inflation left workers with generally smaller real income. The article examines various factors affecting wage movements and summarizes 1977 wage changes in the economy as a whole and under collective bargaining agreements. (MF)