Discusses the backgrounds and the work of four men who, working together in the Commissioner of Education's office, developed the model for public vocational education in Massachusetts during the early twentieth century. The men discussed are Charles Allen, Charles Prosser, David Snedden (the Commissioner of Education), and Rufus Stimson. (CH)

Examines the purpose of vocational education at the secondary level and asks if there should be only one purpose. States that (1) educational statistics and polls reveal that preparation for employment is needed, (2) reform reports suggest that courses be broader than narrow job training, and (3) students take vocational courses for a variety of…

Details how the Cushman School (Tacoma, Washington), which served Indians of the Northwest by expanding their vocational skills since 1854, became a casualty of World War I. Considers federal austerity programs, Cushman's war experiences, impact of student and staff participation in the war, and the influenza epidemic of 1918. (NEC)

This article describes the development of education in Nepal from its beginnings in indigenous education associated with Hindu and Buddhist religions to the present democratic period, which began in 1971 and entails a reform in curriculum and school organization. (JH)

Describes the trend toward comprehensive education in England and its effects on educational opportunity and on democratization of the educational system. (JF)

Higher education's problems of adjustment and survival during World War II are discussed. Topics include acceleration of college programs in general, emphasis of vocational training, and staff and equipment diversion from undergraduate teaching to the war effort. (Article originally published in 1942.) (AF)

Two social welfare reformers in Cincinnati, Edith Campbell and Helen Woolley, used research on sex-typed jobs to influence the establishment of industrial training programs for girls early in the twentieth century. (SK)

While Article 128 of the Treaty of Rome very clearly states that a common policy for vocational training should be developed, this policy has never come to fruition. This is largely due to resistance from Germany and France, which already possessed highly developed vocational training systems. But the failure can also be attributed to the clash…

Reforms in education and training are the order of the day in the spirit of maintaining relevance in this changing world. This paper looks at the development of vocational education and training (VET) in Kenya at three levels: the past, the present and the future directions. A brief historical discussion forms a basis for understanding the trends…

Turkey is a country where individual rights and freedom of people are improving. It is known that a free market economy is in its infancy. There is a strong relationship between developed human resources and the production sector. In this sense, vocational and technical education is very important. It cannot be said that the efforts for…

John Runkle, president of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), viewed the Moscow Imperial Technical School exhibit at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition of 1876 and saw the Russian method of manual training as the answer to the dilemma of combining theory and practice in engineering instruction. On August 17, 1876, shops in which…

This document traces the history of the Michigan Occupational Deans Administrative Council (MODAC), which was initially formed in 1967 as a professional association of community college deans that would focus on topics/issues such as the following: affiliation, relationship between administration and faculty, dual relationship of community…

In school administration, is today's emphasis on the managerial techniques of business and industry reminiscent of a turn-of-the-century movement? This article traces the historical background of where we are now in education administration. (Editor)

Viktor Karlovich Della-Vos is created as being the director and chief architect of Russian manual training. Born in 1829, Della-Vos received a degree in physical and mathematical sciences from Moscow University in 1853. He began his teaching career in 1854 as a teacher of Russian and eventually began teaching advanced mathematics in 1858. In 1860…

The authors examine the historical context and current implications of four questions: (1) What is the relationship of land grant universities to agrarian discontent? (2) What was the Wisconsin Idea? (3) What is "public service"? and (4) What views of knowledge predominated in the early days? The land grant university was central as a cause/effect…