The beginnings of vocational education are more readily seen during the period 1876-1926. They are characterized by the rise of manual training, trade schools, home economics movements, and agricultural education. The Smith-Hughes Act was passed in response to the demands of the National Society for the Promotion of Industrial Education. (EC)

Reviews the monograph Career and Vocational Education in the 1980s: Toward a Process Approach, by Larry J. Bailey, relating and critiquing its two parts, which respectively deal with the history of American education and a global paradigm that includes career and vocational education. The monograph is recommended as a primary reference for…

The author reviews the history of vocational education legislation. He argues that reauthorization of the Carl D. Perkins Vocational Education Act of 1984 will continue the social legislation trend of the past 25 years and that vocational educators should remain open to upcoming changes. (CH)

Includes economic and political background in a review of the historical development of vocationalism in American, beginning with the latter part of the 19th century and continuing to the current career education movement. (Editor)

This study of the status and growth of vocational education in Finland was excerpted from Educational Reform in Finland in the 1970s (Reference Publications 4, Helsinki, Ministry of Education, 1970). (Editor)

In writing on the subject of industrial education in the early years of the century, Dewey's strategy was to describe the possibilities for imaginative educational uses of industrialism and to contrast these with wrong tendencies in the vocational education movement. (Author/MB)

Funding cutbacks challenge providers of occupational education to find innovative ways of guaranteeing student access to quality programs. The New York Boards of Cooperative Educational Services approach is a model that succeeds in maximizing the quality of occupational education in that state. (Author/JOW)

Asserts that the future of secondary vocational education requires a shift from training for specific job skills to career-relevant academic skills. Discusses the history of vocational education, the tracking of minority students, the necessity of retraining, the social inflation of academic skill requirements, the shift in curriculum, and the…

Five reasons, all rooted in Victorian values, are given for liberal education historically having more prestige than vocational education in the United Kingdom. Proposed reform strategies include revival of technical secondary schools; reform of technological universities, including deemphasis of liberal arts; and increased resources for…

This book provides an overview of the history and development of vocational and applied technology education. It includes a brief account of the origin and early forms of education for work, the various experiments for including education for work into the schools of Europe, the introduction of apprenticeship in the colonial period, the…

This monograph sets forth the objectives and outlines the provisions of vocational acts (1917-1976) that provided for federally funded vocational education. An overview of the Smith-Hughes Act (1917) also considers changes made in vocational education after the act and amendments to the act. Other sections offer summaries of these acts: the…

Article provided an examination of today's technical and business courses in Ontario. (Editor/RK)

Origins of commercial education in nineteenth-century middle-class schooling are traced and examined in relation to the vocational reform movement of the twentieth century. Areas explored include gender, class, and impact of school reform on competition between private and public business educators. (CJH)

Outlines the history of the partnership between career guidance and vocational education. Discusses how the two can save resources by cooperating to serve mutual needs. Lists the outcomes of comprehensive career guidance and stipulations concerning career guidance in the Carl D. Perkins Vocational Education Act. (CH)

The levying of taxes for nonelementary education was first legalized in Great Britain under the Technical Instruction Act of 1889. The act's impact on the successful establishment of evening classes and vocational training in the Wallasey Borough of Cheshire during the years following the act's passage is described in this article. (PGD)