In this article, the author makes two alternative arguments about long-term trends in the history of American colleges and universities. The initial argument is that over the years professional education has gradually subverted liberal education. The counterpoint is that, over the same period of time, liberal education has gradually subverted…

Although most efforts to improve schools through integration of academic and vocational education recognize the need for staff development, most staff development efforts fall short. The reasons these efforts often do not succeed include the following: teachers have little authority to make decisions about the improvement process; the programs do…

The integration of academic and vocational education is an educational reform strategy conceptualized by vocational educators, supported by the business community, and articulated by policy makers. Integration may improve the educational and employment opportunities of youth. Integration may offer change in an educational system that is in need of…

Because tech prep has the twin goals of preparing students for entry into postsecondary/continuing education or the work force after high school, tech prep programs require significant modification of conventional curricula and teaching methodologies. Both research and experience have demonstrated that the ability to transfer learning from one…

The first of three parts of this review of Turkey's educational system and national educational policies, the examiner's report, begins by singling out essential features of modern Turkey that affect the provision of education and to which the system is having to respond. These include Turkey's unique geographic situation, its continuing devotion…

Brief descriptions are provided of 54 community college programs identified as outstanding by the National Council of Instructional Administrators. Organized alphabetically by program title, the descriptions include the name of the college president, the name of a contact person, and the name, address, and telephone number of the college. The…

A study focused on the appropriate balance between academic and vocational education for those who intend to work rather than attend college after graduation. Two hypotheses were tested: (1) a high school curriculum that completely specializes in vocational education and ignores basic skills training will not be as effective as the one that…

The current demand for educational excellence is an outgrowth of recent national reports criticizing secondary education. This push for academic excellence also affects vocational education outcomes. A growing consensus seems to be emerging that at the secondary level (1) vocational education should be integrated with academic education, (2)…

This document describes teaching techniques that vocational and academic teachers can use jointly to improve students' basic skills. It is part of BASICS, a package of integrated materials developed to assist teachers, administrators, and counselors in bridging vocational and academic skills. Section 1 focuses on the problem of students' basic…

TO STUDY THE INFLUENCE OF REFERENCE GROUP BEHAVIOR ON THE SUPPORT OF ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS AND TO DISCOVER THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ATTITUDES IN SUPPORT OF THE JUNIOR COLLEGE CONCEPT AND ATTITUDES ADOPTING SENIOR-INSTITUTION FACULTY AS PROFESSIONALLY SIGNIFICANT REFERENCE GROUPS, TWO QUESTIONNAIRES WERE SENT TO FULL-TIME FACULTY MEMBERS AT THREE…

Liberal arts education and occupational education can and must complement each other. Different and separately administered general and vocational offerings will only delay the development of the total education enterprise necessary in a rapidly changing society. It is important to contemplate the skills and knowledge that…

The harmonizing of occupational development with academic learning is not a passing fad. A primary aim of early 17th-18th century colleges was to supply regions with knowledgeable professional workers. The functional role of education continued to remain strong, as evidenced by the Morrill Act in 1862. The Smith-Hughes Act (1916), however, was an…

Career education consists of all those activities and experiences through which one learns about work; vocational education, those through which one learns about a primary work role; and occupational education, those through which one learns to work in the world of paid employment. The three terms imply a progressive narrowing of purpose. The…

Southwestern Community College was designed to meet the requirements of the comprehensive educational program. The program provides flexibility in terms of future educational requirements and a choice of highly specialized or general educational programs in both the academic and vocational areas. The relationship of the academic and vocational…

Operation Young Adults is a combined work-study program for potential and actual high school dropouts, designed to demonstrate the relationship between education and the world of work. During Phase One, the program served a total of 532 students, aged 14 through 21, of whom 110 had already dropped out of the traditional high school setting. The…