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Showing 1 to 15 of 460 results Save | Export
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Andy J. Kim; David S. Lee; James D. Grindell; Brian A. Anderson – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2024
Attention is biased toward features aligning with task goals and stimuli previously allocated attentional priority (selection history). The relationship between selection history and the strategic control of attention has scarcely been explored. In the present study, we utilized a modified version of the Adaptive Choice Visual Search (ACVS) task…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Attention, Visual Stimuli, Color
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Hollis R. Heim; Kara Lowery; Rachel Eddings; Bhoomika Nikam; Anastasia Kerr-German; Aaron T. Buss – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2024
Previous research suggests that children's ability to label visual features (e.g. "red") and dimensions (e.g. "color") impacts attention to visual dimensions. The goal of this study is to investigate variations in the quality of the neural system supporting dimensional label comprehension and production in relation to…
Descriptors: Children, Identification, Visual Stimuli, Color
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Emanuel Schütt; Merle Weicker; Carolin Dudschig – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2024
Negation is usually considered as a linguistic operator reversing the truth value of a proposition. However, there are various ways to express negation in a multimodal manner. It still remains an unresolved issue whether nonverbal expressions of negation can influence linguistic negation comprehension. Based on extensive evidence demonstrating…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, College Students, Comprehension, Sentences
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Andrew Lynn; John Maule; Dima Amso – Child Development, 2024
Children (N = 103, 4-9 years, 59 females, 84% White, c. 2019) completed visual processing, visual feature integration (color, luminance, motion), and visual search tasks. Contrast sensitivity and feature search improved with age similarly for luminance and color-defined targets. Incidental feature integration improved more with age for…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Age Differences, Light, Color
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Hsuan-Fu Chao – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2024
Repeating a single-prime stimulus as a target to respond to usually facilitates responses. However, sometimes, prime repetition slows the responses and produces the single-prime negative priming effect. In this study, the distractor set hypothesis was proposed as a mechanism of attentional control that can contribute toward single-prime negative…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Priming, Color, Reaction Time
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Juhi Parmar; Klaus Rothermund – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2024
Stimulus-response binding and retrieval (SRBR) is a fundamental mechanism driving behavior automatization. In five experiments, we investigated the modulatory role of affective consequences (AC) on SRBR effects to test whether binding/retrieval can explain instrumental learning (i.e., the "law of effect"). SRBR effects were assessed in a…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Responses, Behavior, Reinforcement
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Lei Wang; Huizhong He; Jianxin Feng; Tingzhao Wang – International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 2024
Background: Circumscribed interests (CIs) are regarded as one of the common symptoms for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although some studies have found attentional bias toward CI-related stimuli for individuals with ASD, few studies have directly explored the reasons for these findings. Method: Children with ASD (n = 15) and…
Descriptors: Attention, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Children, Interests
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He, Chuanxiuyue; Gunalp, Peri; Meyerhoff, Hauke S.; Rathbun, Zoe; Stieff, Mike; Franconeri, Steven L.; Hegarty, Mary – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2022
Visual working memory (VWM) is typically measured using arrays of two-dimensional isolated stimuli with simple visual identities (e.g., color or shape), and these studies typically find strong capacity limits. Science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) experts are tasked with reasoning with representations of three-dimensional (3D)…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Short Term Memory, Computer Simulation, Visual Stimuli
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Jiao, Lu; Timmer, Kalinka; Liu, Cong; Chen, Baoguo – Cognitive Science, 2022
The relationship between bilingual language control and executive control is debated. The present study investigated the effect of short-term language switching in a comprehension task on executive control performance in unbalanced bilinguals. Participants were required to perform a context task and an executive control task (i.e., flanker task)…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Code Switching (Language), Executive Function, Task Analysis
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Bryant, Lauren J.; Cuevas, Kimberly – Child Development, 2022
The effects of rewards on executive function (EF) reflect bidirectional interactions among motivational and executive systems that vary with age and temperament. However, methodological limitations hinder understanding of the precise influences of incentives on early EF, including the role of reward sensitivity. In this within-subjects study,…
Descriptors: Rewards, Executive Function, Reaction Time, Interference (Learning)
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Greene, Nathaniel R.; Martin, Benjamin A.; Naveh-Benjamin, Moshe – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Dividing attention (DA) between a memory task and a secondary task results in deficits in memory performance across a wide array of memory tasks, but these effects are larger when DA occurs at encoding than at retrieval. Although some research suggests the effects of DA are equal for item and associative memory, thereby suggesting that DA disrupts…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Memory, Cognitive Processes, Undergraduate Students
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Werner Greve; Martin Koch; Verena Rasche; Kristin Kersten – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2024
The cognitive advantage (CA) hypothesis claims that multilingualism promotes the development of several basic cognitive capacities. A large number of empirical findings support this hypothesis, but recently there have also been numerous contradictory findings and methodological objections. The present paper extends the investigation of possible…
Descriptors: Linguistic Theory, Cognitive Ability, Monolingualism, Multilingualism
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Liao, Ming-Ray; Anderson, Brian A. – Learning & Memory, 2020
Previously reward-associated stimuli persistently capture attention. We attempted to extinguish this attentional bias through a reversal learning procedure where the high-value color changed unexpectedly. Attentional priority shifted during training in favor of the currently high-value color, although a residual bias toward the original high-value…
Descriptors: Learning Processes, Rewards, Color, Task Analysis
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Duh, Shinchieh; Wang, Su-hua – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2019
Understanding others' preference for a relational category of objects (e.g., prefer darker colored shirts) can be challenging for young children, as it involves comparison of choice options within and across exemplars. Adding to the challenge is occasional inconsistency in choices made by others. Here the authors examined whether 14-month-olds…
Descriptors: Infants, Visual Stimuli, Color, Preferences
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Li, Xinyu; Xiong, Zijun; Theeuwes, Jan; Wang, Benchi – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
It is generally assumed that the storage capacity of visual working memory (VWM) is limited, holding about 3-4 items. Recent work with real-world objects, however, has challenged this view by providing evidence that the VWM capacity for real-world objects is not fixed but instead increases with prolonged encoding time (Brady, Störmer, &…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Long Term Memory, Cognitive Processes, Color
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