The autoclitic is among the least studied and most complex verbal operant named and described by Skinner. The descriptive autoclitic is one subtype, which among other functions can describe the strength of the response. If the clarity of the stimulus is one source of response strength for tacts, manipulating stimulus clarity should evoke different…

Background: Life expectancy is on rise and the intriguing question is: When does cognitive decline occur among adults with intellectual disability, compared to adults with typical development? This cross-sectional study examined cognitive performance of crystallised/fluid intelligence, working and long-term memory of adults with intellectual…

Sex differences in autism may in part be understood by an atypical sex profile of executive function and non-executive function. In this study, we compared females and males with autism against non-autistic individuals on neuropsychological and self-report measures to examine whether any sex differences in executive function and non-executive…

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine whether the word-learning challenges associated with developmental language disorder (DLD) result from encoding or retention deficits. Method In Study 1, 59 postsecondary students with DLD and 60 with normal development (ND) took the California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition, Adult Version…

In recent years, the intersection of cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, and neuroscience with regard to deaf individuals has received increasing attention from a variety of academic and educational audiences. Both research and pedagogy have addressed questions about whether deaf children learn in the same ways that hearing children…

The Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, which requires the free recall of the same list of 15 unrelated words over 5 trials, was administered to 21 high-functioning adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 21 matched typical individuals. The groups showed similar overall levels of free recall, rates of learning over trials and…

Disconnection of cognitively important processing regions by injury to the interconnecting white matter provides a potential mechanism for cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. The contribution of tract-specific white matter injury to dysfunction in different cognitive domains in patients with multiple sclerosis has not previously been…

Examined verbal learning/memory in 60 male alcoholics. Results indicated that the predicted relative impairment of alcoholics with more difficult material did not occur, nor did the groups' learning curves differ, suggesting that rote associative learning either remains intact or recovers satisfactorily with abstinence. (Author/BL)

Three profoundly retarded adults who were taught action-object responses learned the verbal elements in the instructions they were directly taught and responded to these elements in novel recombined instructions. (Author/CL)

The purpose of this study is to determine the latent structure of the California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II; Delis, Kramer, Kaplan, & Ober, 2000) at three different age levels, using the standardization sample. Maximum likelihood confirmatory factor analyses are performed to test four competing hypothetical models for fit and…

The author analyzes the scores of inpatient psychiatric patients with varying degrees of cognitive impairment who met criteria for a psychotic disorder on the following tests: the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM), the California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition, Conners Continuous Performance Test-Second Edition, and the Brief Psychiatric…

Twelve mentally retarded and 12 nonretarded adults were compared in a Brown-Peterson short-term memory task for the retention of words and pictures over intervals up to 30 seconds. The retarded subjects forgot more rapidly over the initial 10 seconds. They also retained pictures better than they did words. (Author/DB)

This study investigated the metamemory monitoring abilities of 18 adult survivors of at least moderate traumatic brain injury. Participants also made judgments-of-learning (JOL) predictions of their recall ability immediately or after a list-learning task or after a slight delay. Survivors were as accurate as controls in delayed JOL predictions…

The results of this study indicate that age differences in the recall of high frequency word lists are not related to the total presentation time of the lists but appear to be affected by differences in retrieval processes as a function of age. (JMB)

An investigation of the effects of passive and active rehearsal on developmental processing differences for movement reproduction indicated that active and mature rehearsal had positive results for the younger child. A discussion of the three methods of rehearsal that were used is included. (Author/DF)