The Commission on Education and Employment Opportunities for Young People (Youth Commission) aims to find ways to improve education and employment opportunities for England's 16-24-year olds. The Commission's first report (see ED604277) identified five key challenges: (1) Better supporting 700,000 young people not in education, employment or training; (2) Increasing the number of people qualified to at least Level 3; (3) Improving attainment in literacy and numeracy and other basic skills; (4) Creating a diversity of higher level learning routes through life; and (5) Support job quality, career progression, and economic security. This report creates a new Youth Opportunity Index, a relative measure of education and employment outcomes for young people across England's local authorities. The Youth Opportunity Index brings together data on achievement at age 16 (Key Stage 4), attainment of Level 3 by age 19, access to higher education, take up of apprenticeships, employment rates, a measure of the quality of work (net underemployment), and the number of 16-17-year olds not in education, employment or training. Each local authority's score reflects how far its performance on that variable is from the highest scoring area. Results are driven by the strength of local economies, socioeconomic factors and national policies, as well as local services. They reflect education and employment outcomes for young people living in local authority areas, rather than solely the success of those local authorities. [The Learning and Work Institute's Youth Commission will run for one year and is supported by Association of Colleges, Capital City Colleges Group, London SouthBank University, NOCN and Prospects.]