This paper draws on self-efficacy questionnaire data collected at the beginning and end of the TOEIC course, TOEIC scores and focus group discussions data from participating students at a technical university in Vietnam. While the quantitative data reveal positive effects in terms of TOEIC self-efficacy, the qualitative data show how changes in…

This study compares four learning environments: face-to-face learning (F2F), fully e-learning (EL), blended learning (BL), and flipped classroom (FC) with respect to students' learning performance. Moreover, this present research studies changes in perceived flexibility, intrinsic motivation, self-efficacy beliefs of students, and the interaction…

Globalization and internationalization have fostered the development of English as a medium of instruction (EMI). EMI is gaining its popularity all over the world. In line with this tendency, various universities in Vietnam introduce EMI to its undergraduate programs in forms of advanced or high-quality training programs. However, little research…