The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 led to an increase in the percentage of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) recipients seeking more immediate employment and a decline in the percentage pursuing postsecondary education or degree programs. Since TANF's enactment, several legislative bills have…

ProTech is the Boston Public Schools' longest-standing and most developed school-to-career (STC) initiative. It is a collaboration of the Boston Public Schools, 75 employers, and the Boston Private Industry Council. ProTech combines rigorous academic instruction, a sequence of worksite learning experiences in seven major industrial clusters for…

According to the 1999 annual surveys of technical and further education (TAFE) and university bachelor graduates in Australia, both sectors have experienced significant growth in the past 10 years (10-year growth rates of more than 70% and 41%, respectively). Within 6 months of graduation, 72.8% of TAFE graduates and 66.4% of university graduates…

Activities in higher education during the biennium 1924-1926 do not seem to have been inspired merely by the desire to pacify criticism of details or to patch up weak spots in the educational fabric. The tendency was to "raise the previous question concerning the functions of colleges and universities and to modify procedures to serve more…

This document reports on barriers to the advancement of minority men and all women into decision-making positions in the private sector that were identified through a study of information from the following sources: 126 employers and employees testifying at public hearings in 5 U.S. cities; 18 commissioned research papers; survey of a sample of 25…

The extent to which skill and competency-based systems used by work organizations in the United Kingdom may contribute to maintenance of the pay gap between men and women was examined through a review of the following: pertinent literature from the United Kingdom and United States; 15 published case studies; current Institute for Employment…

Technology provides a new and effective tool for accelerating economic growth, and developing countries are embracing technology and education as the means toward attaining economic parity with the United States and other developed nations. Evidence suggests that this strategy is paying off. Developing countries are building a technology…

The changes in career development and upward mobility in response to recent changes in the U.S. labor market were examined in a study that included an analysis of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Young Men and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Analysis of the data, which covered the period 1966-1994, established that the…

The General Accounting Office examined existing and anticipated concerns related to the recruitment and retention of nurse and nurses aides. Special attention was paid to the following aspects of the problem: (1) factors contributing to the current and anticipated shortage among nurses; (2) what is known about the current and projected supply of…

A study tracing the United States economy over the last 40 years reports the skills needed in the changing economy around the turn of the 21st century. Data sources were the March Annual Demographic files of the Current Population Survey for 1970, 1980, 1990, and 1996, and the Public Microdata Sample of the 1960 Census. The study notes the rise of…

This book contains 11 reports describing the conceptual, methodological, and policy problems encountered during development of the international indicators known as Network B, which were developed as part of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development's Project on International Indicators of Education Systems to serve as…

This booklet, which is addressed to middle school and high school students, explains the financial rewards of education beyond high school and ways students can improve their chances of getting into college and finishing a degree. The booklet begins with a brief overview of available postsecondary institutions and degrees and the time typically…

Changes in the relationship between educational attainment and work-life earnings over the past 25 years were examined by using data from the Current Population Survey (CPS) to construct synthetic work-life earnings. CPS data collected in March 1998, 1999, and 2000 were analyzed by age, sex, full- or part-time work experience, race, Hispanic…

Studies of 29 welfare reform initiatives conducted by the Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation were synthesized in an exploration of how welfare and work policies affect employment and income. Each of the studies reviewed focused on one or more of the following key program features: mandatory employment services, earnings supplements, and…

The future of low-wage jobs is examined through a case study of firm restructuring in the retail industry. The study confirms that the retailing sector has come to be dominated by the Wal-Mart model, which emphasizes an efficient technology-driven inventory management system and a human resource approach that includes the following elements:…