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Fathers' Stimulation of Toddlers' Cognitive Development Contributes to Children's Executive Function Skills at Five Years of Age
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Kolak, Amy M.; Dean, Caitlin H. – Early Child Development and Care, 2023
This multi-method study examined mothers' and fathers' cognitive stimulation during parent--child interactions and toddlers' moral regulation (assessed via parent reports) as predictors of their executive functioning skills approximately 2½ years later. Forty children (23 girls and 17 boys) and their parents participated in both timepoints.…
Descriptors: Predictor Variables, Preschool Children, Mothers, Fathers
Minor Illnesses, Temperament, and Toddler Social Functioning
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Kolak, Amy M.; Frey, Tara J.; Brown, Chloe A.; Vernon-Feagans, Lynne – Early Education and Development, 2013
Research Findings: Minor illnesses, such as upper respiratory infections, stomachaches, and fevers, have been associated with children's decreased activity and increased irritability. This multi-method investigation of 110 day care-attending children examined whether experience with recurrent, minor illnesses and negative emotionality worked…
Descriptors: Toddlers, Personality Traits, Interpersonal Relationship, Negative Attitudes
Family-Level Coparenting Processes and Child Gender as Moderators of Family Stress and Toddler Adjustment
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Kolak, Amy M.; Vernon-Feagans, Lynne – Infant and Child Development, 2008
The goal of this multi-method study was to examine how child gender and coparenting processes influence associations between family stress and toddlers' social adjustment. The participants, 104 dual-earner couples and their 2-year-old children, were videotaped in their home during a freeplay activity. Mothers and fathers completed questionnaires…
Descriptors: Toddlers, Questionnaires, Social Adjustment, Emotional Adjustment
Marriage, Parenting, and the Emergence of Early Self-Regulation in the Family System
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Volling, Brenda L.; Blandon, Alysia Y.; Kolak, Amy M. – Journal of Child and Family Studies, 2006
The early years of toddlerhood mark the emergence of self-regulation and the child's ability to comply with parental requests. The current study examined young children's compliance and noncompliance in a family context by observing mothers, fathers, and two children in a family clean-up paradigm. Marital conflict and mutual responsiveness in the…
Descriptors: Mothers, Conflict, Child Rearing, Parent Child Relationship