Leaders in American business list the major nonmilitary threats to national security. In addition, the relationship of national security and the innovation process is analyzed. (CP)

If a secondary use of research and development output is possible and feasible, then the original cost of the research can be viewed as providing a substantial contribution over and above its initial purpose and ends. This "technology transfer" from primary to secondary purposes is becoming increasingly important, if for no other reason than that…

Many proposals have been made for new universities in U.S. research and development (R&D) systems. However, current foundations and strengths should be examined before attempting untried approaches. Areas addressed include the supporting environment, university research system, industrial R&D capability, defense-related R&D, and…

Although small, high-technology firms contribute greatly to major scientific and technical innovations, their potential impact is hindered by financial, personnel, regulatory and other problems. In 1977, the National Science Foundation conducted a survey of firms (N=1,232) presumed to be active in research and development (R&D) and sponsored…

Reviews science historian Derek de Solla Prices' report to the science subcommittees of the congress that the exponential growth in science experienced since the early 1900's has ended. (SL)

Presents both pro and con ideas expressed to the House Committee hearings on President's reorganization of the White House science apparatus. Implies that economic and social factors should be taken into account in the shaping of federal science and technology policy. (CC)

Discussed are the reasons for the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam's scientific backwardness. A development project which will enable this country to become a modern, economically self-sufficient country by the year 2000 is outlined. (BT)

This ninth annual report of the National Science Board presents the third assessment of the state of science in the United States. The assessment includes reports on the status and health of science including national resources and manpower. Indicators reviewed in the report include: international science and technology, resources for research and…

This eleventh annual report of the National Science Board presents the fourth assessment of the state of science in the United States. The assessment includes reports on the status of science, with the following indicators reviewed within the report: international science and technology, resources for research and development, resources for basic…

Discusses the role of international cooperative scientific research as a component in technical assistance programs to developing countries. The article also presents basic standards that could be applied by industrialized and developing countries in the establishment of cooperative programs. (HM)

Presented are data based on the revised 1982 federal budget indicating that national research and development (R&D) spending should increase significantly by 1982, particularly in the area of national defense. Summaries are presented, in chart form, of past and projected financial support for basic research, applied research and development. (SK)

Offers viewpoints on how science and technology fit into the Reagan Administration's goals for the country and discusses the role the scientific community must play in coming years. (JN)

Setting priorities for allocating funding and other resources is one of the central issues of federal science policy. Presented in these hearings are the views of witnesses (government officials, scientists, economists, and industrial personnel) on various issues related to setting priorities for science. Among the issues addressed (in the form of…

This report analyzes recent trends in company-funded basic research support and incorporates findings from a special mail survey and personal interviews with research and development (R&D) officials of 54 firms. The report also provides insight into industry/university cooperative basic research efforts. Following an introduction, the report…

Highlights current U.S. research and development (R&D) efforts, focusing on sources of funds (chief federal supporters being Department of Health and Human Services and National Science Foundation), who spends them, and how they are divided among basic and applied R&D. Includes human resources (scientists and engineers) trends (Author/JN)