Identifies problems plaguing social studies' future developments, including the content-process approach debate. Recommends a synoptic approach, based on meeting psychological students' needs and connecting ideas to learners. Argues against a uniform national social studies curriculum. Urges compromise among social studies teachers and researchers…

Teaching conformity through coercion limits students' willingness to take risks and make decisions regarding their learning. In contrast, a Foxfire classroom environment that meets psychological needs empowers students to make choices about their learning, eliminates fear of failure, allows students to establish their own standards of achievement,…

A gifted student faces daily problems that are two-fold in nature: (1) internal--those that are posed by an often critical understanding of self, and (2) external--those that are posed by daily interpersonal relationships with family, friends, and others. This curriculum offers an approach to these two essential areas of need: "You" focuses on the…

Much attention has been given to the imbalance between thinking and feelings in the educative process. Human teaching calls for merging the cognitive and affective processes into one confluent learning experience. Language learning is viewed primarily as a means for affective reflective communication. Personal growth merges with language…

The "Language from Within" program is a collation of Gestalt strategies based on the principles of confluent education and adapted for use in the foreign language classroom. The underlying principles of confluent education are: awareness of feelings as the source of personal meaning (subject matter is learned only when the student sees…

Revisits the middle-level school movement. Provides an overview of young adolescents' development, offers representative examples of developmentally appropriate practices, and looks at progress educators have made as well challenges encountered. Emphasizes the importance of understanding physical, pychosocial, and cognitive development in young…

In this article, the authors describe their efforts to improve the performance of their middle school students on the Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA). As middle level educators, they knew that in addition to addressing the curriculum, they also had to address the psychological needs of their students. To administer a standardized…

If real growth is not made in teacher attitude and training and in institutional structural change to enhance the quality of interaction between "mainstreamed" students and "normal" students, mainstreaming will fail. (Author/LC)

IN THE COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE, STYLES OF LEADERSHIP PROFOUNDLY AFFECT THE QUALITY OF THE SERVICE RENDERED. ACCORDINGLY, MAJOR INFLUENCES ON ADMINISTRATIVE CLIMATE AND EMPLOYEE PRODUCTIVITY ARE EXAMINED IN ESSAYS ON (1) SOURCES OF JOB SATISFACTION AND DISSATISFACTION, (2) MOTIVATIONAL THEORIES BASED ON JOB-RELATED SATISFACTIONS AND NEEDS,…

The handbook provides an orientation to adult education in Arizona for teachers. Types of adult education covered include adult basic education, English as a second language, literacy, high school equivalency, and citizenship education, with priority given to programs offering literacy training and adult basic education. The first chapter defines…

The teaching guide contains activities, teaching techniques, and resource lists for helping high school students (1) build an understanding of human behavior, and (2) make decisions about their behavior that are more positive for themselves and others. The curriculum is based on the theory that behavior is influenced by a person's abilities and…

SALT, suggestive-accelerative learning and teaching, is the Americanized version of a pedagogy developed in Bulgaria. While most extensively applied to foreign language teaching, the methodology may be applied to any discipline, particularly one based upon a foundation of learned facts. This document applies the method to ESL classes. The teacher…

The manual contains teaching techniques and instructional materials to help children in the primary grades develop an understanding of behavior, express their feelings constructively, and satisfy their emotional needs. Materials can be used flexibly with students in grades one through three. The program is based on the theory that behavior is…

The manual contains teaching techniques and instructional materials to help fourth and fifth graders develop an understanding of behavior, express their feelings constructively, and satisfy their emotional needs. The program is based on the theory that behavior is influenced by motivating forces, an individual's perceptions and abilities, and the…