By 16 March 2020, most education systems in the EU neighbourhood and Central Asia had closed their schools. In a matter of days, some distance learning was offered in most systems and in the ensuing weeks, most countries steadily broadened the offer and the extent of participation. This short report aims to describe what happened in the countries…

The concept of competence is a recent introduction into the curricula of the Spanish education system, and applies to vocational training and university, but also to basic education. In both cases, the meaning and use of the term have differed, sometimes giving rise to confusion. There can be no doubt, however, that this incorporation has been of…

Government-provided services are caught in the jaws of a "cost-tax vice". On the cost side, the long-term trend of rising relative prices of services, including education, seems set to continue. The other jaw of the vice is the high efficiency cost of raising additional taxes. Recent research making the case for public provision of…

Educational innovation in Switzerland is discussed according to complexity and flexibility of educational policy, the amount and nature of innovations, and the place of Swiss educational innovations in international education. Areas in which innovations have occurred include school organization, course content, and teaching objectives and methods.…

Since the publication of Dr. E. A. Fay's article on the Progress of Education of the deaf in the Report of the Commissioner of Education for 1913 the number of public residential schools has not increased remaining at 64. The number of pupils however, has risen in this time from 10,837 to 11,103, the former number being 82 per cent of the pupils…

A long continuing responsibility of the Office of Education is the publication of bulletins describing education in other countries. Such bulletins are a vital part of a program to increase American understanding of education around the world. They include a growing series of studies on education in the Latin American Republics. "Education in…

Chapter XXI of volume 2 covers St. Louis Exposition presentations by U.S. colleges and universities, while Chapter XXII includes foreign countries' presentations. Subsequent chapters provide discussion and statistics on length of teachers' service; city school systems; universities, colleges, and technological schools; agricultural and mechanical…