Having acquired some degree of oral proficiency but low (or non-existent) literacy, the learning of Chinese heritage learners' (CHLs) learning needs are different from those of Chinese foreign language learners (CFLs), who have learned Chinese only in the classroom setting. Although researchers have advocated for a separate curriculum for…

Speech delivered at the Fourth Annual Meeting of ACTFL (American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages) on November 27, 1970 in Los Angeles, California. (DS)

This paper provides a survey of the field of the teaching of Portuguese as of 1969 based on material gathered by the author for the Luso-Brazilian Studies Survey. A general increase in enrollment and in the number of institutions teaching Portuguese on all levels of education is noted. Nineteen elementary schools, 44 high schools and an estimated…

As a group, the uncommonly taught languages have benefited greatly from government funds and activities that support their instruction. Although in absolute terms their enrollments are low, many of these languages have been gaining students in recent years. Instruction in the uncommonly taught languages accounts for more than half of the student…

This study was conducted to identify successful foreign language programs in undergraduate institutions of higher learning and to examine those factors which were felt to have contributed to their success. The study attempted to find patterns and approaches to foreign language instruction which might be generalized, reproduced, or adapted by other…