In this article, we focus on the contingency between learning and instruction in physical education (PE). We argue that the complex interconnectedness of teachers' instruction and students' learning processes should be studied using a unit of analysis that expresses the relationship between the two factors. A contingency perspective foregrounds…

This study explored the influence of instructions that combine internal and external foci. Fifty-one subjects were randomly divided into 3 groups: internal only, external only, and a combined internal and external focus. The task was the overhand lacrosse throw for accuracy from a stationary position to a target located on a wall 6 m away.…

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors associated with high school physical education (PE) teachers' adoption of a supplemental online instructional system. Method: Semistructured, open-ended phone interviews with 28 high school PE teachers were used as the primary data collection method. All teachers were using or had used…

Background: The articulation of specific principles of teacher education practice allows teacher educators to make explicit the beliefs, values, and actions that shape their practice. Engaging in processes to articulate the principles that guide practice is beneficial not only for teacher educators and their colleagues but also for students. There…

Study aim: To assess the intensities of three types of physical education (PE) classes corresponding to the phases of the teaching/learning process: Type 1--acquiring and developing skills, Type 2--selecting and applying skills, tactics and compositional principles and Type 3--evaluating and improving performance skills. Material and methods: A…

Part 2 of a series, in which teaching techniques are given for developing gymnastic ability to perform a cartwheel. (RB)

The "observation and reporting" and the "mass referee" approaches are both helpful devices in motivating chronically unprepared students. (LH)

A ten-phase program from the introduction of trampoline fundamentals is presented to provide all learners with a suitable initiation and test that can lead to further experience on the trampoline or to a number of training applications. (JMF)

This study examined the subject-pedagogical content knowledge transformation process associated with middle school physical education teachers' curricular decision making. Findings indicated that teachers shared a common subject content knowledge base but demonstrated personalized pedagogical content knowledge repertoires. Classroom curriculum was…

Describes a two-year service-learning project for undergraduate students in a physical education teacher education program. Students reported that their experience had a direct impact on their collaborative skills, ability to apply their subject matter, their leadership skills, and ability to communicate their ideas in a real-world context.…

Language arts (oral and written communication), physical education (communication with motor skills), and mathematics (communication with words and symbols), are seen to present the most natural environment for instruction on spatial relations. Activities are suggested which can combine these areas and provide pupils with an enjoyable learning…