Background: Students experience higher-order thinking skills by finding ways to solve the problem, debugging errors while applying the solution, and testing the solution in programming. However, the inability to create schemas that will characterise programming structures is one of the difficulties during this process. Objectives: This study aimed…

Elasticity, the capacity for students to explore or investigate their own questions of interest during or after teacher-directed events in the classroom, is highly beneficial for students in terms of their retention and deeper understanding of the content. An elastic environment is child-centered and inquiry-based. An inelastic environment…

PS-I learning approaches with an initial problem-solving phase (PS) followed by an instruction phase (I) can be optimised by providing adaptive (individualised) instruction that builds on students' problem-solving products. A computer-based implementation of both phases offers the possibility of adaptivity at the transition from the…

This article describes how one state museum's mission is to illuminate the natural world and inspire its conservation. Educational specialists from the museum achieve this mission by helping educators across the state use and enhance the natural resources available on their school grounds as a teaching tool. The article shares a lesson that…

This dissertation explores the dynamics of a formal classroom and an informal nature-based learning environment, focusing on their impact on student subjectification and knowledge authority. The study, conducted with a cohort of 27 fifth-grade students and their teacher, employs a comparative case study methodology to analyze how teaching…

The current mixed method study sought to clarify the complex relationships that may influence student achievement in online learning environments. In the United States, the number of students who are participating in some form of virtual or remote learning is increasing for a variety of reasons. However, the body of research regarding elementary…

The activity-based social studies teaching is a learning process which applies activities prepared according to knowledge, skills, values and achievements and makes students actively participate. One of the most important goals of the social studies course is the activity-based teaching process, which is one of the ways to raise effective,…

This study aims to integrate biomimicry into science education by proposing a teaching approach for primary school students. An action research approach was used. The developed 'Biomimicry Teaching Approach' was applied in a 5th grade classroom in a public school in Turkey where one of the authors is a teacher. According to this approach, the…

As teachers gain experience, their assessment knowledge base, personal beliefs, and the educational context come together to shape their identity as an assessor. This study sought to add to the body of research by highlighting and describing, through the lens of the teacher, how beliefs and context influence teachers' assessment literacy in…

This article considers how teachers' encounters with a newly built learning space are complicit in the practices performed in that space. It builds on previous research into the relationship between learning spaces and pedagogical change by highlighting the acoustic aspects and how they were perceived by teachers in a primary school. Over two…

The current evidence base for outdoor and nature-based education in a context of education for sustainability is limited and unrepresentative of the realities of small, urban schools, which tend to be characterised by small outdoor spaces devoid of nature. To address this research gap, we carried out two studies in Malta, as an example of a…

Previous research has repeatedly confirmed that students with special educational needs (SEN) are generally less accepted by their peers. Although inclusive teaching strategies and classroom characteristics are frequently hypothesised to improve students' social participation, empirical evidence is scarce. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is…

These are the appendices for the report "Study of Teacher Coaching Based on Classroom Videos: Impacts on Student Achievement and Teachers' Practices. Evaluation Report." This report examined a promising strategy for individualized coaching: professional coaches--rather than district or school staff--providing feedback to teachers based…

Humor can facilitate relationship-building and comfort in new experiences, essential elements for nature education programs prioritizing inclusive practices. This article presents insights on using humor in outdoor educational settings from a qualitative case study of an equity-driven nature education program. I present four key elements of…

Combining mathematics and environmental issues may be a valuable way not only to increase environmental awareness of students but also provide real life context to the mathematics lessons. In this study, it was aimed to explore changes in the views of 5th grade students toward sustainability with the help of the tasks integrating environmental…