Policy and practice communities increasingly are emphasizing conceptual, cognitively demanding, and "ambitious" instruction. Within this context, we examine whether such practices serve the needs of students with specialized academic needs. Across upper-elementary classrooms in four districts, we find that exposure to…

The manual contains teaching techniques and instructional materials to help fourth and fifth graders develop an understanding of behavior, express their feelings constructively, and satisfy their emotional needs. The program is based on the theory that behavior is influenced by motivating forces, an individual's perceptions and abilities, and the…