Based on oral and written testimony of pupils and teachers, this essay examines the lived educational experience of the school-age cohort of children in Stalin's Russia from 1931 to 1945. The state alone determined the structure and curricula of the nation's schools. However, Soviet youngsters, their parents, and teachers responded to the center's…

A description and explanation of "Native Literature," the literature textbook for fourth graders. (ND)

Topics, materials, and assignments are provided for 49 literature lessons for tenth grade, plus review notes. Subject matter includes Gorky, Mayakovsky, Soviet literature in the 1920s, the 1930s, Tolstoi, the Great Patriotic War, Sholokhov, and modern foreign literature. (ND)

The author sees a need for a new approach to the study of literature which will blend teachers' insights into literary analysis with meaningful primary source reading by students. Creative teaching methods should integrate the literary-historical approach with contemporary reading and assessment of a work. (Author/AV)

Examples are given of how often teachers overlook the artistic aspects of literature works. Moral and aesthetic education must be achieved through understanding of beauty in art and language. Teachers should emphasize elements of literary works that arouse pupils' interests. (Author/AV)

The study of artistic works should be organized in such a way that the problem of developing the speech of school pupils is solved, not separately from, but in close connection with their ideational and aesthetic development. (Author)

Some papers from a National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) symposium, "Significant Russian/Soviet Cultural and Pedagogical Developments of the 1980s: Educating American Students for the Year 2000," are presented. After an explanation of the system of transliteration used in the works, the following papers and authors are included:…