Virtual reality (VR) is used across the educational spectrum (higher education, high school, primary school, and even pre-school); however, primary school teachers' perceptions of using VR in their classrooms require further research. A brief review of the literature of 100 existing articles related to teaching within the primary school context…

An understanding of the equal sign is a fundamental concept for early algebra. While literature claimed that Chinese students commonly master the relational understanding of the equal sign in the elementary school, these claims are under-researched. This study used the Mathematics Equivalence Assessment with 237 Chinese Grade 5 students. The…

Calligraphy is the treasure of traditional Chinese culture and it is ubiquitous in China. Because of the unique aesthetic characteristics of calligraphy, the difficulty of calligraphy teaching lies in the assessment of calligraphy works. The major problems concerning calligraphy assessment are the low time efficiency of calligraphy assessment and…

Educational activities cannot avoid the issue of value. The research on "new basic education" also discusses contemporary Chinese social development and educational values reform. This article proposes to rebuild classroom teaching values. This value's core concept is: the current value of classroom teaching in China's primary education…

Reporting on a mixed methods study carried out in China, this article explores the impact of an educational initiative some years after delivery. Taking data from a three staged longitudinal study, this paper facilitates debate about the nature of Continuing Professional Development (CPD) delivered in a transnational context. To promote such…

Little is known about inclusive teachers' belief systems about teaching students with mild, moderate, or severe intellectual disabilities across different subjects (e.g. language arts, math, science, PE, art, and music) in less developed countries. To address this gap, this study aims to understand inclusive teachers' belief systems about teaching…

Due to China's unique rural-urban dual system, education differs significantly between rural and urban schools. However, research related to the rural-urban disparity in inclusive education is limited. Moreover, general education teachers' instructional strategies, in particular, remain unclear and could be studied further. To bridge this gap, a…

Online teacher professional development is widely regarded as a promising way to improve the quality of teachers and the effect of teaching. Micro-learning, which has the potential to fit the learner's personalized learning needs through a variety of small educational resources and flexible learning opportunities, could be an efficient way for the…

Rural teachers are responsible for effectively implementing and continuously developing digital teaching models in rural areas in the rapidly digitizing society. This study investigated the motivational factors influencing rural teachers' adoption of digital teaching models. The study collected survey data from 384 rural teachers in western…

This paper examines one key theme of 'education and equality' arising from a qualitative study that explores what special and inclusive education may mean for Chinese primary schools. The focus is on unpacking teachers' interpretations, values, and deeper assumptions of the 'equality' concept. Drawing from 37 interviews with mainstream primary…

Teachers' continuous usage intention for virtual reality (VR) technology is a prerequisite for achieving its expected educational value in elementary and secondary education. Through a comprehensive model considering task-technology fit (TTF) and usage satisfaction, this study involved an analysis framework for the intention of teachers to…

A survey was conducted of 7,111 primary and secondary school teachers nationwide using an online questionnaire during the COVID-19 epidemic. The results show that national and provincial online education resources and platforms have played a leading role during the COVID-19 epidemic, but it is difficult for existing resources to meet actual needs.…

This study examined characteristics of problem posing and its relationship with the teaching experience of elementary school mathematics teachers from ethnic minority areas in the Southwest of China. Eighty-one (N = 81) elementary school mathematics teachers responded to a task-based questionnaire and posed mathematical problems based on given…

We investigated French primary school teachers' assessment practice in mathematics. Using an online questionnaire on teachers' background, teaching, and grading practice, we were able to determine assessment profiles of 604 primary school teachers. As evidenced by the teachers' scores on the latent factors Assessment purposes, Assessment…

This study investigated the important roles of metacognitive skills and enthusiasm (both teaching and subject enthusiasm) in teachers' self-regulation in learning (informal teacher learning) and teaching (adaptive instruction) throughout their teaching careers. Using multi-group structural equation modelling and a mediation analysis of a sample of…