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Download full textWall, Dianne; Horák, Tania – ETS Research Report Series, 2011
The aim of this report is to present the findings of the 3rd and 4th phases of a longitudinal study into the impact of changes in the TOEFL® exam on teaching in test preparation classrooms. Phase 1 (2003-2004) described the type of teaching taking place in 12 TOEFL preparation classrooms before the introduction of the new TOEFL. Phase 2…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Language Tests, Second Language Learning, Longitudinal Studies
Peer reviewedAlderson, J. Charles; Wall, Dianne – Applied Linguistics, 1993
The notion of washback, that testing influences teaching, is explored and a series of possible hypotheses are advanced. The empirical research in general education and in language education is reviewed to determine whether washback actually exists, how it can be measured, and what accounts for its form. Proposals for future research are suggested.…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Language Tests, Teaching Methods, Test Coaching
Wall, Dianne; Horák, Tania – ETS Research Report Series, 2008
The aim of this report is to present the findings of the second phase in a longitudinal study of the impact of changes in the TOEFL® test on teaching and learning in test preparation classrooms. The focus of this phase was to monitor six teachers from five countries in Central and Eastern Europe as they received news about changes in the TOEFL and…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Language Tests, Second Language Learning, Foreign Countries
Wall, Dianne; Alderson, J. Charles – 1992
A study in Sri Lanka concerning the effects of second language tests, specifically the O-Level examination in English as a Second Language, on classroom language instruction is reported. The study investigates the phenomenon of washback or backwash, the influence of testing on instruction. It is cited as the only known research investigating…
Descriptors: Classroom Observation Techniques, Educational Environment, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries
Wall, Dianne; Horák, Tania – ETS Research Report Series, 2006
The purpose of this report is to present the findings of the first phase in a longitudinal study of the impact of changes in the TOEFL® test on teaching and learning in test preparation classrooms. Observations were carried out and interviews conducted with teachers, students, and directors of studies at 10 institutions in six countries in Central…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, English (Second Language), Language Tests, Second Language Learning
