Developing schedules is one of the most challenging undertakings that school and district leaders do every year. It's also one of the most important. School schedules often have significant inefficiencies that impact student experiences and outcomes, like course offerings that don't align with student needs; mismatches in resources across schools;…

This commentary describes the limitations of 40-minute class period times. The forty-minute system makes hash of the lives of teachers, especially in small schools, and about 80 percent of high schools have fewer than two hundred pupils. These small schools crowd their forty-minute periods with as many diverse and unrelated activities as possible,…

To further understand differential perceptions of work and wellbeing this paper considers the influence of gender and years in current role (YCR). We surveyed 399 secondary school teachers (class teachers n = 185; middle managers n = 175 and senior managers n = 38) from the central belt of Scotland. Sixty-six per cent of middle managers reported…

California high school teachers are constantly racing against the clock. They are expected to provide a strong college preparatory curriculum, promote critical and creative thinking, and meet students' social and emotional needs. Learning time is an essential resource for addressing all of these goals. But, it seems to be in short supply in many…

This report draws on a statewide survey to examine how learning time is distributed across California high schools. The survey, conducted by UCLA IDEA during the 2013-2014 school year, included a representative sample of nearly 800 teachers. Survey findings highlight inequalities in the amount of time available for learning across low and high…

Fully updated to reflect current issues in the field of art education. Checklists embedded in charts allow users to indicate where their school or district stands in relation to the criteria--which has been expanded to include district wide, elementary, middle, high school, and superior standards. The criteria within the checklists reflect…

Driven by stable or declining financial resources many school districts are considering the costs and benefits of a seven-period day. While there is limited evidence that any particular scheduling model has a greater impact on student learning than any other, it is clear that the school schedule is a tool that can significantly impact teacher…

There is no disputing that for high school students to be college and career ready, they need adequate time to learn, and individualized attention to meet each student's academic goals, learning styles, and social needs. Over the past decade, Education Resource Strategies (ERS) has partnered with urban schools and districts to improve their use of…

Following the results of the Programme for International Student Assessment for Germany, the Federal Ministry of Education and Research founded the capital investment program "Future Education and Care" as a federal measure to support the expansion of all-day schooling in Germany. During this process it became obvious that learning and…

During the last three decades Swedish education has undergone radical decentralisation involving increased school autonomy. One aspect of this change is the gradual weakening of the state regulation of teaching time. Thus, Sweden is somewhat of an extreme in the EU. This is accentuated by a five-year experiment, where 900 compulsory schools were…

A teacher's review of the actual instructional time, after allowing for outside religious, music, arts, and physical education and administrative activities, revealed that there actually was less than two hours a day for instruction in subjects required by school districts. (CB)

A study of time allocation in urban primary-school settings. (RAO)

Presented here are two models that can be used to solve distribution problems, such as assigning teachers to students, teachers to courses, or special students to schools. The models, the assignment model and the transportation model, are termed evaluation models under a definition of evaluation that delineates its function as that of serving…

This paper identifies particular propositions and claimed empirical realizations that make up the intensification thesis and examines them with regard to their educational applicability, particularly to elementary teachers' workloads. The propositions claimed within the intensification thesis indicate that intensification: (1) leads to reduced…

Questionnaires were sent to the Ministries of Education in 69 countries to obtain information about one-teacher school systems in each respective country. The questionnaire was constructed to provide information about administration, length of schooling in one-teacher schools, organization of school work, curricula and methods, teaching staff,…