This paper describes the development and validation of the multidimensional Teacher Well-being Inventory underlined by a rational-empirical approach using teacher samples from China. A 20-item multidimensional instrument on teacher well-being was established with good psychometric characteristics. The results yielded five dimensions, which comprises of physical, emotional/psychological, cognitive, social, and spiritual well-being. This concise measurement targets assessing the most salient well-being scenarios of teachers at work. This validated measurement can serve as a more robust gauge for promoting well-being literacy and functioning of individual teachers, students and schools in response to the OECD 2030 agenda of building the wellness society.