Identifies three styles of supervision as directive, collaborative, and nondirective; offers an inventory to help supervisors identify their styles; and suggests books, courses, and workshops appropriate to each style. (JM)

The supervisory challenge of the decade will be preventing teacher burnout. Suggestions are offered that administrators can use as part of the supervisory process to stimulate teachers to embark on a program of personal growth. (Author/MLF)

A growing body of research and literature describes a move to collaborative supervision of teaching. Is this process-based model reflected in supervisory practices adopted by supervisors when they work with marginal teachers--those whose teaching verges on the unacceptable? This study explored teachers' support for administrative practices…

Postmodernists have criticized modern conceptions of supervision as bureaucratic, hierarchical, and oppressive. This paper asserts that the postmodern proclivity to completely eschew expert supervision, evaluation, and judicious use of directive supervision is misguided, potentially limiting, and dangerous. The paper argues that collegial…

Various theoretical frameworks approach teacher change differently. If teacher candidate supervisors adopt one form of supervision without understanding the assumptions and implications of other models, they risk being too narrow. To help supervisors in their role, an explanation of how a supervisor might intervene from six different perspectives…

The principal purpose of this article was to identify supervisory approaches available to instructional leaders in education. Selected supervisory approaches served as the basis for creating the Supervisory Options for Instructional Leaders (SOIL) Model. Instructional leaders in a variety of educational settings could use this model. The SOIL…

To influence teaching in a way that enhances and improves student learning is the school principal's responsibility. Because perceptions are more important than actual behavior, it is essential for principals to know if their perception of their supervisory actions is in agreement with the way their teachers perceive the same supervisory…

An ethnographic or anthropological perspective is useful for the reexamination of the assumptions and taken-for-granted nature of the practice of supervision. An indepth survey of literature on supervisors illustrates supervisory roles and the existence of a separate "supervisor culture". Specifically, the relationship between novice teachers and…

Fifty-four male and female student teachers' preferences for direct or nondirect supervision and male or female supervisors were sampled by recording their reactions to one of four randomly assigned supervisory conferences, which differed in relation to the direct or nondirect behavior of the supervisor and to the supervisor's sex. A significant…

Results-Oriented Supervision (R.O.S.) is a system for teacher supervision that focuses more on instructional improvement than on teacher evaluation. The supervisor and the teacher join together to formulate teaching objectives. After a period of implementation, a postconference is held to assess and restate or renew objectives. In the school…

This booklet suggests new methods to personalize supervision by giving teachers and supervisors more concrete techniques and information with which to develop their abilities. Examination of several teaching and supervisory studies provides insights into the supervisory role and teacher behavior. Four models for supervisory practice are suggested.…

The four papers which comprise this booklet on supervision are entitled a) Human Resources Supervision; b) The Case for Staff Development; c) The Advisory System and Supervision; and d) Beyond Accountability. The introduction presents previous views of supervision and discusses implications of recent teacher entrenchment. The first paper contrasts…

Four separate studies compared the efficacy of remote versus face-to-face supervision of home economics student teachers and teachers. The first study involved case studies of two interns, their cooperating teachers, and college supervisors, who tested an audio-phone method of supervision. Costs were found to be lessened, and all persons involved…

The supervisor facilitates the students' attainment of the instructional objective by (1) diagnosing the curriculum (in particular the behavioral objectives) and the teachers, (2) prescribing steps to remedy areas of concern with respect to the curriculum and the teachers, and (3) enabling changes in the curriculum to occur while at the same time…

Discusses ways in which teacher supervision and observation can help teachers to explore and see teaching as a process through such methods as taping and transcribing class activities, grouping tape or transcription excerpts, arriving at a common language to discuss them, and making multiple interpretations about them. (Author/CB)