When employees expect evaluation and performance incentives will continue (or begin) in the future, the potential future rewards create an incentive to invest in relevant skills today. Because skills benefit job performance, the effects of evaluation can persist after the rewards end or even anticipate the start of rewards. I provide empirical…

This report examines the frequency of particular teacher preparation experiences and explores their relationships to beginning teachers' effectiveness in improving student test scores once they get to the classroom. The report found both differences in how teachers prepare for their certification in the field and that certain experiences are…

This executive summary describes the larger study, "Teacher Preparation Experiences and Early Teaching Effectiveness. NCEE 2019-4007" (ED598664). This study provides information about new teachers' preparation experiences and explores whether particular types of experiences are related to teachers' effectiveness in improving their…

The 13 appendices in this publication accompany the full report, "Teacher Preparation Experiences and Early Teaching Effectiveness. NCEE 2019-4007" (ED598664). They include: (1) Teacher Survey Response Rates by District/State; (2) Comparison of the Subsample Used for Relational Analyses and the Full Sample; (3) Development of the Teacher…

Despite costly global efforts to improve and reward teacher qualifications like education and experience, little international evidence exists on the relationship between these attributes and student achievement. It is also unclear whether these attributes are more important for disadvantaged children, or in lower-income countries. This article…

This research report summarizes the features associated with exemplary teaching at the upper elementary level drawn from available research. The report then compares the results from the author/researchers' own study of the nature of classroom talk, curriculum materials, organization of instruction, and evaluation in 30 fourth-grade classrooms in…

A total of 102 fourth grade students were assigned to one of six groups defined by the possible combinations of two pupil ability level conditions (above versus below average ability) and three teacher verbal fluency conditions (good grammar, moderately good grammar, poor grammar). Each group was presented a lesson concerning mathematical…

Recounts a student teacher's first experiences in the classroom and provides helpful commentary and suggestions from a more experienced teacher. Briefly discusses classroom management, learning styles, individual needs, time constraints, assessment, and instructional materials. Includes a list of activities that help promote an atmosphere of…