This publication describes the systems that prepare secondary school teachers in five randomly selected countries: England, Wales, France, Germany, and The Netherlands. The most common theme among these teacher education programs is that the systems are in a constant state of change; the changes come mostly as nations try to adapt the ways they…

Examines the efforts, in four European countries, to increase the professionalization of teacher training. France recently elevated the status of teachers to civil servants and strengthened certification procedures. Germany retains a high degree of academic excellence and professional training. England and Wales have increased local autonomy and…