This study explores lower secondary school teachers' arguments and perceptions for using a 26-point grading scale (26-PGS), and gender differences in assessment practice. An explanatory sequential design was conducted. First, teachers (n = 6) assessment of students' text (n = 182) was analysed. In the subsequent phase, an open-ended questionnaire…

Primary school teachers in England are responsible for the statutory assessment of writing, using a set of criteria. The aim of this research was to analyse the responses of teachers to the criteria "at the expected" standard. An elicitation exercise with 10 primary school teachers was conducted, where teachers talked through their…

Peer Assessment (PA) has recently been gaining increasing popularity in higher education due to its advantages in engaging students, and its use in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) writing classes is very common in Indonesia. The implementation of PA became more necessary when the government regulated emergency remote teaching in response to…

Deficit mindsets of multilingual writers must be upended. Yet, little research has been done to explore how to prepare bilingual teachers with strength-based orientations, especially in approaches to assessment. Using a holistic biliteracy lens, this qualitative case study explored how Transliteracy observation shaped teachers' understanding of…

Despite a surge of interest in language teacher assessment literacy, teachers' writing assessment literacy (WAL) has received little attention. When considering the issue in the particular Iranian EFL context, it becomes more significant since exploring the context shows the lack of a countrywide and systematic study on EFL teachers' WAL.…

Purpose: This study examines the impact of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI), particularly ChatGPT, on higher education (HE). The ease with which content can be generated using GenAI has raised concerns across academia regarding its role in academic contexts, particularly regarding summative assessments. This research makes a unique…

Although the literature widely acknowledges the benefits of formative writing assessment in daily teaching, there is limited understanding of how frontline teachers implement it and the reasons behind their approach, particularly in EFL secondary school contexts where assessment has predominantly served selective purposes. Drawing on interviews,…

The purpose of this study is to investigate how the US-based First-Year Composition (FYC) instructors understand and facilitate metacognition in their classes and assess students' metacognition through exploratory, mixed methods approaches. I argue that even if we understand the importance of metacognition generally for student populations, we…

This paper explores the integration of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) feedback into higher education. Specifically, it examines the views of 11 experienced instructors on fine-tuned GenAI formative feedback of student works in an online graduate program in the United States. The participants assessed sample GenAI reviews, and their…

Despite intensive essay writing courses at Saudi universities, ESL students are unable to develop their English writing skills. Finding an appropriate teaching approach, such as the process approach, may help them improve their writing abilities and enable them to do so more successfully. This research aims to find out how and what Saudi ESL…

Remote online second language (L2) writing instruction, in general, and remote online L2 writing assessment, in particular, require a holistic structural approach that results in improving students' L2 writing, as well as offering an authentic and fair assessment of students' L2 writing performance. The study described in this paper employed a…

This mixed-methods study aims to investigate the bias in peer feedback. Thirty-two English as an additional language learners gave each other anonymous feedback on their texts. Half of the participants received feedback from their teacher disguised as peer feedback, while the other half received actual peer feedback. Data were collected through…

This study investigated English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers' beliefs concerning the use of an AI grading tool (CoGrader) for essay scoring and feedback. The study also explored the factors which contributed to those beliefs. EFL teachers (n = 10) from public universities (n = 3) in Saudi Arabia participated in this study. The study…

Rubrics are often used as scoring tools in evaluating student writing performance. Although there is a considerable amount of research on the use of rubrics in ESL writing instruction, little attention has been paid to studies of engaging students in rubric co-construction in the ELT context. This study investigates the implementation of…

Automated writing evaluation (AWE) tools can facilitate teachers' analysis of and feedback on students' writing. However, increasing evidence indicates that writing instructors experience challenges in implementing AWE tools successfully. For this reason, our development of the Writing Analytics Tool (WAT) has employed a participatory approach…