This book examines educators' norms, beliefs, and values in case studies of three "improving" high schools. The distinction between "sacred" and "profane" norms in the teaching profession is applied to the relationships among school culture, improvement efforts, and the effectiveness of change strategies. Schools'…

Reports on a study of the comparative philosophies and practices of secondary teachers in schools in New York State and near Moscow, Russia. Finds that teachers have two value orientations: (1) toward the school culture; and (2) toward each person's individual values and ways of thinking. (CFR)

Proposes a model for school psychology services in the Soviet Union. Investigates positive and negative images of teachers and students held by 90 seventh and eighth grade students and 18 teachers. Finds an authoritarian type of complementarity, revealing that teachers' images of students often match their expectations. Recommends fostering more…