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Armstrong, Meghan; Esteve Gibert, Núria; Hübscher, Iris; Igualada, Alfonso; Prieto, Pilar – First Language, 2018
This article investigates how children leverage intonational and gestural cues to an individual's belief state through unimodal (intonation-only or facial gesture-only) and multimodal (intonation + facial gesture) cues. A total of 187 preschoolers (ages 3-5) participated in a disbelief comprehension task and were assessed for Theory of Mind (ToM)…
Descriptors: Child Development, Nonverbal Communication, Preschool Children, Cues
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Galende, Nuria; de Miguel, Manuel Sanchez; Arranz, Enrique – Early Child Development and Care, 2012
The aim of this study was to analyse the relation between parents' distancing strategies and the performance of five-year-old children (N = 70) in Theory of Mind (ToM) tasks. The children's performances were assessed during individual sessions held at school. The distancing strategies practiced by the parents (cognitive and linguistic scaffolding,…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Prosocial Behavior, Observation, Family Environment
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Sidera, Francesc; Serrat, Elisabet; Serrano, Jèssica; Rostan, Charles; Caño, Agnès; Amadó, Anna – International Journal of Educational Psychology, 2013
Previous research has found a link between theory of mind and cooperation. The aim of this study is to deepen into this relationship, to identify which theory of mind skills are more related to the cooperative ability on a referential communication task. A total of 50 children from first and fifth grade completed a battery of theory of mind tasks,…
Descriptors: Thinking Skills, Cooperative Learning, Theory of Mind, Elementary School Students