Racial inequity has long been an issue in the educational system. In recent years, researchers and policy makers have begun to recognize the role of implicit bias in the disproportionate number of African American children who are suspended or expelled from school. Particular attention is being given to the use of exclusionary practices in early…

Disproportionate rates of suspensions and expulsions among racial/ethnic groups are a local, state, and national concern. Maryland has made significant progress in decreasing the use of exclusionary discipline, but there is substantial work left to do to move toward equity. Maryland has cut the use of exclusionary discipline practices by half in…

This guide is designed to supply educators with a means to identify whether racial/ethnic disproportionality in discipline practice exists in their schools or districts. It also aims to help educators use data to reduce racial/ethnic disproportionality in suspensions and expulsions. The guide is organized into two sections. The first section…

Discriminatory discipline practices in the nation's schools disproportionately impact students of color; students with emotional, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities; and youth who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ). Large numbers of these students are removed from class, lose opportunities to learn, and…

Well over three million children, K-12, are estimated to have lost instructional "seat time" in 2009-2010 because they were suspended from school, often with no guarantee of adult supervision outside the school. That's about the number of children it would take to fill every seat in every major league baseball park and every NFL stadium…

A three-year study of data on student discipline in one school supports a theory of a relationship between behavior and environmental factors.(MD)

A Saturday session in the Saucon Valley School District, Hallertown (Pennsylvania), including academic tutoring and counseling, is a low-cost effective alternative to suspension. (Author/MLF)

This report on suspension practices in the Philadelphia Public School system finds that: (1) Since 1977, on the average, 14.9% of the students have been suspended at least once; (2) Of secondary students, 24.9% have been suspended at least once (since 1977); (3) Overall suspension rates have increased for both minority and non-minority students;…

An inschool suspension program at a Pennsylvania school district is described. Students spend suspension time completing classroom assignments under strict teacher supervision in detention halls. (TE)

Discusses nine types of court approved disciplinary measures available to schools and teachers. These include detention and in-school suspension, corporal punishment, physical restraint, grade reduction, denial of extracurricular participation, and suspension and expulsion. Synopses of significant legal decisions covering the application of school…

Focuses on practical guidelines for the implementation of discipline policy at the local level, including suggestions for distinguishing discipline policy for disabled students from discipline policy affecting students in general. (MLF)

Discusses how PL94-142 may cause discipline dilemmas in schools, especially regarding suspension and expulsion, noting difficulties of determining separate discipline policies for handicapped and nonhandicapped students. Notes that the literature, the law, and the courts all point to the need for options for dealing with disciplining special…

A three-step plan to improve attendance at Aurora Central High School, Colorado, has successfully reduced truancies to less than 1.25 percent. Students with exemplary attendance are exempt from taking final exams; chronic truants are suspended; and all students are required to do makeup work for all absences. (MLF)

This pamphlet describes requirements under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 relating to the discipline of students with disabilities. Information is provided on the educational requirements of the legislation, the due process procedures, the suspension and expulsion of students with disabilities, and the reevaluation process required…

Six steps are provided for addressing the problem of student misconduct: (1) developing a well-publicized districtwide program, (2) creating a task force to develop a misconduct management handbook for teachers, (3) soliciting reactions, (4) field testing the draft, (5) revising the handbook, and (6) followup. (TE)