Background: Research has shown that students from socially disadvantaged backgrounds are more likely to have lower academic performance compared to children from better-off families. However, the way that socioeconomic status (SES) influences student learning outcomes has not yet been fully examined. Thus, this study explores the indirect effects…

The distinctive characteristics and learning needs of Generation Z students present unique challenges to faculty in higher education. Factors such as faculty teaching styles and availability of learning resources impact academic success for all students. However, Generations Zers' 8-second attention spans; aversion to lengthy reading assignments;…

The utility value of an academic task can affect university students' learning behavior and career choices. For collectivistic-oriented students, learning and career goals also matter to their families. Following expectancy-value theory, we assumed that families' achievement-related expectations would affect collectivistic-oriented students'…

The purpose of this study was to better understand the relationship between visiting a communication center and taking an introductory communication course on student public-speaking anxiety, goal orientation, and motivation. Researchers analyzed pre- and post-course survey data for 1,373 students enrolled in a fundamentals of communication…

Current online learning approaches are sometimes criticized for a "one-size-fits-all" approach and insufficient feedback, which may result in low levels of satisfaction and high dropout rates. To mitigate these shortcomings, we implemented a set of principles for designing personalized motivational feedback based on students' achievement…

Prior studies have focused on general technology use and technology use in domain-general applications and quantity of technology use. Recent evidence suggests that investigations should consider how technology is used in more contextually specific ways, including how technology is used for various cognitive tasks in specific classrooms. The…

There is no doubt that connections with other people motivate behavior; yet science is stereotyped as being lonely work devoid of communal connections. Drawing from self-regulation of motivation and goal congruity theories, we ask, does relationship-building in science foster communal perceptions that then increase women's persistence in and…

Agentic engagement, or attempts to proactively influence instruction, predicts positive classroom climate and students' motivation. As such, it is a potentially effective target for intervention, though causal evidence is limited. This investigation explored whether an agentic orientation could be cultivated through a brief, online intervention…

Fostering adolescents' self-efficacy and positive emotions through learning contexts which induce beneficial achievement goals can prevent motivational decline in adolescents. Achievement goal theory states that the learning context and gender moderate the interplay of self-efficacy, emotions, and achievement goals. This study compared female and…

There is a dramatic increase in the number of mainland Chinese students coming to Hong Kong to attend various courses. With the aim of developing a profound understanding of the adaptation of the mainland Chinese students (N = 210), this study tested the relationship between types of motivation and goal content when studying abroad with a wide…

Flipped instruction has been flaunted as a pedagogical strategy that supports improved learning and retentive abilities of students. Nevertheless, one of the twin challenges reported in the literature, students' failing to complete preparatory work, impedes the efficacy of the model. Thus, learners' motivation and attitude to work are essential…

The hierarchical model of achievement motivation assumes that individual characteristics predict achievement goals, which further predict achievement outcomes. One of the individual characteristics that may be particularly important in subjects that require abstract reasoning, such as mathematics, is need for cognition. Therefore, the aim of the…

Purpose: We examined the extent to which achievement goals predict reading comprehension, measured by two response formats (free recall and constructed response), and how these relations differ for students with and without reading difficulties (RD). We further explored how executive functions (working memory and semantic verbal fluency) mediate…

Numerous studies have explored the important role of achievement goals, as well as factors such as interest and self-efficacy, for academic performance of students of various ages. Such studies usually focus on the influence of one or two of these factors that are known to be associated with performance. At the same time, achievement goals…

The present study investigated the correlation between achievement and motivation in high school advanced placement students. This study looked into the gap of how much motivation an AP student needs to reach achievement because of increased student involvement in an AP classroom. This study analyzes this correlation with a qualitative interview…