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Simon Pietsch; Hugh Riddell; Carolyn Semmler; Nikos Ntoumanis; Daniel F. Gucciardi – Educational Psychology, 2024
SMART goals (specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and timed) are advocated as the gold standard for goal setting. However, goals which are non-specific and exploratory, referred to as 'open goals', may be preferred in specific circumstances. In this pre-registered experiment, we compared SMART goals, compared to do-your-best (DYB), and…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Adults, Goal Orientation, Student Educational Objectives
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Bugler, Myfanwy; McGeown, Sarah P.; St Clair-Thompson, Helen – Educational Psychology, 2015
The present study investigated gender differences in adolescents' academic motivation and classroom behaviour and gender differences in the extent to which motivation was associated with, and predicted, classroom behaviour. Seven hundred and fifty students (384 boys and 366 girls) aged 11--16 (M age?=?14.0, 1.59 SD) completed a questionnaire…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Motivation, Academic Aspiration, Classroom Environment
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Yeung, Alexander Seeshing; McInerney, Dennis M. – Educational Psychology, 2005
Students from a school in Hong Kong (n = 199) responded to 22 items asking about their school motivation and aspirations in a survey. Structural equation models found four school motivation factors consistent with the task, effort, competition, and praise scales of the Inventory of School Motivation, one education aspiration factor, one career…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Grade 7, Statistical Analysis, Structural Equation Models