In online programs, effective faculty-student interactions enhance achievement (Garrison and Arbaugh, 2007). This study examined how various communication techniques affected students' and faculty members' understanding of expectations, sense of connection, and ability to succeed in an online doctoral program. Grounded in the Core Principles of Improvement (Carnegie Project on the Education Doctorate), this study examined viewpoints through a phenomenological, participatory action research approach. The findings revealed a persistent sense of uncertainty that impeded the success for many, but some used the shared uncertainty to forge small, strongly bonded relationships. Both students and faculty expressed a need for additional engagement and more timely and constructive input. They desired open forums, pre- and post-class mingling, monthly updates, and other interactive opportunities. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://bibliotheek.ehb.be:2222/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]