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Download full textOskin, Deborah L. – 1996
Hope has been theorized to be a stable cognitive mindset that develops over time, as children experience success at meeting challenges and in conquering obstacles to their goals (Snyder et al, 1994). To determine the effects of children's violence exposure, both as victims and as witnesses, to children's hope, 99 children living in violent areas…
Descriptors: Children, Coping, Defense Mechanisms, Early Adolescents
