Online self-learning became widespread after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, and during this period, learners' self-leadership became an important measure of their competency. This study aims to verify the validity and reliability of the tool by translating the Abbreviated Self-Leadership Questionnaire (ASLQ) into Korean. Through web-based…

This study examined the effects of reflective practices (RP) on self-directed learning competencies (SDLC) as well as the relationship between technology-mediated collaborative learning (TMCL) as a reflective practice and SDLC in a preservice teachers' class. Regression analyses were conducted to examine the effects of RP on SDLC. In addition, a…

The outdoor inquiry has a significant meaning in learning biology, but it has a problem that is difficult to be frequently implemented in the school garden due to causes. On the other hand, alternative activities using the virtual world have been proposed, but due to a lack of reality and passive use, the continuity of the activities is low, and…

Building on previous research, this qualitative exploratory study investigates the impact of ChatGPT on English language classes among Korean university students. The researcher uses pre- and post-training surveys, in-class observations, and interviews to explore 120 students' perceptions of their experiences over a 15-week semester. Results…

A prescribed English language textbook often directs classroom teaching practices in secondary school classes in EFL contexts, such as in South Korea. The textbook is often accompanied by multimedia resources which are delivered to students as input at a regulated pace with limited opportunities for communicative interaction or spoken output. Such…

The landscape of self-directed learning in mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) is changing from mechanical and repetitive to communicative and meaningful learning. This is due to the development and integration of conversational agents into mobile devices. Students can learn a language via a self-directed interactive app (SIA) where they can…

Highly interactive and complex content within e-learning induces high levels of intrinsic load. Self-regulated effort represents one strategy that may help learners overcome such issues within e-learning. Using intrinsic load items representative of content complexity, germane load items representative of learning, and self-regulated effort items…

Informal Digital Learning of English (IDLE) is a global phenomenon that represents one of the greatest advances for autonomous language learning outside the classroom in the past few decades. The power of IDLE lies in its capacity to compensate for inherent problems in language learning in classrooms, due to the "authenticity" of input…

This study examined how Google Jamboard-based autonomous knowledge-sharing advanced language proficiency and motivation in an online intermediate--high EFL communication course. For one semester, 30 Korean first-year college students shared their learning experiences beyond the classroom, enhancing their English communication competence via a…

This study examines the effects of a 2-week intensive English program based on the college students' perceptions of core competencies: English Communication Competency, Self-Directed Competency, Community Competency, and Knowledge and Information Literacy Competency. The program was non-credit and was held in January 2019 for first-year students…

This is a longitudinal case study using a mixed-methods research design to track how two Korean university students improved their English writing competence over one year with the aid of automated writing evaluation (AWE) program, Criterion. The participants wrote essays outside of class every month for one year, submitting first and later second…

The blended learning model, which combines the traditional face-to-face learning method with an online application such as a learning management system (LMS), became popular and more practical for both teachers and learners in foreign and second language education because of its effective methodology for course delivery and socialization…

Learning persistence in a cyber-learning environment is not only an index determining the success or failure of individual learners but also a source of important information to establish the management direction of educational programs in an organization. Accordingly, learners need to be motivated to continue to grow in order to ensure both…

Effective teaching practice for improving student achievement in mathematics is a critical area for instructional design. Further, results from international assessments of mathematics achievement have indicated that students in Korea typically earned test scores higher then international averages. The purpose of this study was to investigate the…

The main focus of our study was to investigate multimedia effects that had different results from the findings of existing multimedia learning studies. First, we describe and summarize three experimental studies we conducted from 2006 to 2010. Then we analyze our findings to explore learner characteristics that may impact the cognitive processes…