A variety of problems associated with the interpretation of traditional canonical correlation are discussed. A response surface approach is developed which allows for investigation of changes in the coefficients while maintaining an optimum canonical correlation value. Also, a discrete or constrained canonical correlation method is presented. (JKS)

The shape of the response surface associated with a discriminant analysis provides insight into the value of the derived optimal discriminant variates. A procedure for the determination of "indifference regions," presented in this article, allows the assessment of the degree of flatness of the response surface for any analysis.…

In this paper the parameter identifiability and estimation of a general dynamic structural model under indirect observation is considered from a system theoretic perspective. (Author/LMO)

Formulas for transforming scores and statistics on a rating scale having any number of categories to a scale having a different number of categories are described. To illustrate the use of one of the formulas, the means and variances of items on six forms of a course evaluation questionnaire were compared. (Author/LMO)

Using constraints with cluster analysis limits the possible number of clusters. This paper deals with clustering problems where grouping is constrained by a symmetric and reflexive relation. Two approaches, along with illustrations, are presented. (Author/JKS)

A general class of nonhierarchical clustering models and associated algorithms for fitting them are presented. These models generalize the Shepard-Arabie Additive clusters model. Two applications are given and extensions to three-way models, nonmetric analyses, and other model specifications are provided. (Author/JKS)

Emphasizing the measurement of causal effects to arrive at a better understanding of the causal mechanisms involved in statistical theory, a mathematical model for causal inferences in prospective studies is developed and then applied to retrospective case-control studies. Before developing the model, causal agents are delineated, and causal…

Statistical inference concerning the parameters of k multivariate normal populations is considered. Several models in which the parameters have certain hierarchical relationships are discussed, in particular as related to testing the hypothesis that k psychological tests are parallel forms of the same test. The report contains the following…

The logic and procedures underlying a disturbance term regression test of logical consistency for structural models are reviewed for recursive and nonrecursive designs. It is shown that in a simple three-variable, complete mediational case the test procedure is mathematically equivalent to a part correlation. (Author/LMO)

Two applications of Kristof's theorem on traces of matrix products are presented in order to highlight their utility for psychometric theory and studies. (Author/JKS)

Principal component analysis, image component analysis, and maximum likelihood factor analysis were compared to assess the effects of variable sampling. Results with respect to degree of saturation and average number of variables per factor were clear and dramatic. Differential effects on boundary cases and nonconvergence problems were also found.…

Correct simple formulas are provided for the value of phi needed to use the commonly available Pearson and Hartley power charts in determining the power of hypothesis tests involving simple degree-of-freedom comparisons in the fixed effects analysis of variance. (LMO)

The extension of regression estimation and poststratification to factor analysis is considered. These methods may be used either to improve the efficiency of estimation or to adjust for the effects of nonrandom selection. The estimation procedure may be formulated in a LISTREL framework. (Author/LMO)

Under the assumption of normalcy, a formula is derived for the reliability of the maximum score. It is shown that the maximum score is more reliable than each of the single observations but less reliable than their composite score. (Author/LMO)

The compatibility of the polychotomous Rasch model with dichotomization of the response continuum is discussed. It is argued that in the case of graded responses, the response categories presented to the subject are essentially an arbitrary polychotomization of the response continuum. (Author/LMO)