ERIC Number: EJ1299724
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2021-Aug
Pages: 10
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0013-1644
EISSN: N/A
Large-Sample Variance of Fleiss Generalized Kappa
Educational and Psychological Measurement, v81 n4 p781-790 Aug 2021
Cohen's kappa coefficient was originally proposed for two raters only, and it later extended to an arbitrarily large number of raters to become what is known as Fleiss' generalized kappa. Fleiss' generalized kappa and its large-sample variance are still widely used by researchers and were implemented in several software packages, including, among others, SPSS and the R package "rel." The purpose of this article is to show that the large-sample variance of Fleiss' generalized kappa is systematically being misused, is invalid as a precision measure for kappa, and cannot be used for constructing confidence intervals. A general-purpose variance expression is proposed, which can be used in any statistical inference procedure. A Monte-Carlo experiment is presented, showing the validity of the new variance estimation procedure.
Descriptors: Sample Size, Statistical Analysis, Interrater Reliability, Computation, Statistical Inference
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Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Descriptive
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A