Instruction for students with special needs must be meaningful, individualized, and personalized in order to provide for each student's strengths and weaknesses. The counselor has a key role in overseeing the establishment of alternate programs to meet the needs of students with special needs. (Author)

The article explores the need of a conceptual framework for the emerging field of leisure counseling. The framework in this article is based upon a qualitative, empirical study of housewives. The proposed model suggests a need for a synthesis of current framework into a more comprehensive approach. (Author)

Presents a six-step model for conflict resolution and describes several ways a counselor can act as a helping agent in conflict management. (Author)

Systematic examination of the ways in which social work practice has been described in the past leads to a new, three-dimensional model of practice that takes into account both its commonalities and its extensive diversification. (Author)

Therapeutic models are relevant in situations in which counselors are dealing with a voluntary client and the client is seeking to be freed from negative socialization patterns, but such models are not relevant in many additional school counseling activities. These duties require the development of additional kinds of skills. (Author)

The author provides a model designed to identify the flow of events that occur in sequence and cycles during the life of a counseling group. The purpose of the article is to provide the group leader with a series of intervention techniques designed to facilitate that process. (Author)

This paper explores the role of consulting in elementary school counseling. In particular, consulting with teachers and parents is reviewed, as well as the efficacy of consulting. A consulting model developed by Caplan in the field of mental health is presented as a comprehensive consulting model which may be of use to elementary school…

Because of the increasing emphasis on the treatment and rehabilitative aspects of working with public offenders, it has become necessary to understand in more detail the workings of the correctional system and its personnel. This paper focuses on the correctional setting, the roles, functions and characteristics of effective counselors as…

Analyzing the different perceptions and controversies revealed in the papers prepared for the meeting on conceptual frameworks, the author presents a proposal for a unitary conception of practice with operational definitions of key elements. (Author)

Outlines the social work frame of reference first discussed by the NASW Commission on Social Work Practice and subsequently further developed. They then use it to develop a system of specialization consistent with unique perspectives of social work and adaptable to changing demands to which social work must respond. (Author)

Familial psychosocial development is a series of choice points, or crises, and progressive separations from the family itself. The role of the family therapist is to help the family members evolve concurrently to stages of higher maturity and autonomy. A family therapy model based on developmental stage theory is proposed. (Author)

Initial reaction to cancer is typically shock and denial followed by various coping strategies. A surgical or chemotherapeutic period is entered with concomitant adjustment reactions. The third adjustment period comes after treatment and may evolve into a prolonged death crisis which brings difficult changes and pressures to the patient and his or…

School psychologists are being required to evaluate educational programs. This paper discusses the role and responsibilities of a program evaluator, the problems of measurement, and the staff fear of evaluation. A model for program evaluation is then described with an illustrative example. (Author)

Counselors are becoming more aware than ever that they must have impact, not just on individual counselees, but on the environment as well. (Author)

This article presents a Learning-Training-Counseling model for group counseling. This model synthesizes theories and practices of group counseling, T-group training methodology, and selected basic learning principles. Three major phases of group development are described. Discussion includes behavioral guidelines for implementation, suggested…