The Local Control Funding Formula (LCFF) was adopted by the California Legislature in 2013. The LCFF made fundamental changes in the way the state funds school districts and charter schools (Local Education Authorities or LEAs), shifting decisions about how to spend resources from the state to the local level. The LCFF also introduced a new accountability system, under which the first line of accountability is local. LEAs are expected to work closely with their local communities and stakeholders to develop Local Control Accountability Plans (LCAPs), which set goals for improvement and adopt strategies and align resources to advance local goals. Parents and other community members are expected to monitor the LEA's progress. In the event that progress falls short of expectations, the community can hold local leaders accountable and demand changes, either directly through the LCAP process or by voting out and replacing current members of the school board. The new system aims to support continuous improvement in the performance of schools and students, with a particular focus on reducing or eliminating gaps in opportunities and outcomes for different groups of students. The question that motivates this report is how California is progressing in building and sustaining this system of support. This report begins with a discussion of the challenges that LEAs face in moving from a system focused on compliance with state regulations to one focused on improving performance in cooperation with local communities. It then reviews the statutory and policy provisions under LCFF that aim to ensure that all LEAs have the knowledge and skill they need to improve the performance of local schools and students and close gaps between student sub-groups. The balance of the report focuses on the current state of California's emerging system of support, with a particular focus on County Offices of Education (COEs). COEs are at the center of California's current effort to construct a robust and effective system of support for LEAs, but a variety of other agencies also have important roles to play. The report concludes with some implications for future action.