Though the risk of HIV transmission in sports is slight, physicians who treat active patients can encounter weighty legal issues. Mandatory testing, exclusion of HIV-positive athletes, and breaching of patient confidentiality can lead to lawsuits. Knowing the possible consequences can help physicians in setting effective, legal prevention…

Though leanness in athletes is often a natural state, it can pose long-term liability to some athletes' performance and/or health. The physician must determine when leanness is reason for clinical concern. Athletes who do not eat enough to sustain training must either reduce the exercise load or increase nutritional intake. (Author/SM)

Heat-related injuries in aquatics classes are possible, though 100 percent preventable. The article discusses heat-related syndromes; how bodies generate and dissipate heat; how elevated heart rates that burn calories differ from those that dissipate heat; and modification of exercise intensity to provide calorie-burning workouts without…

Efficiently and inexpensively identifying athletes at risk for exercise-related sudden death is difficult. The article discusses types of cardiac disorders and outlines a practical screening method that features a cardiac history questionnaire designed to identify symptomatic athletes and those with a family history of congenital heart disease.…

Since sports can sometimes lend themselves to eating disorders, coaches and sports administrators must get involved in the detection and treatment of this problem. While no reliable studies or statistics exist on the incidence of anorexia nervosa and/or bulimia among athletes, some research suggests that such disorders occur frequently among…

This compilation provides 256 abstracts of research completed in the areas of health, physical education, recreation, dance, and allied areas during 1989. Master's theses and doctoral dissertations are abstracted from institutions offering graduate programs in those fields. The volume includes an index to the abstracts in which references are…

These guidelines cover athletic trainers and blood-borne pathogens at athletic events, student athletic trainer education, universal precautions and Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulations, medical records and confidentiality, infected athletic trainers, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) testing, HBV…

This magazine feature presents seven articles whose authors reflect on the legacy of past female leaders in sport, define current challenges, and envision how women are changing sport for tomorrow. (GLR)

Because some high school student athletes use steroids, educational intervention should occur in middle and high school. The health and physical educator is important in prevention or early intervention. Community/school-based intervention is recommended. The article discusses psychological and physical addiction and presents guidelines and…

Physical activity has preventive and therapeutic benefits for the frail elderly. Physicians must educate patients about exercise benefits. Walking, flexibility, and strength training can prevent muscle weakness and impaired gait and balance. Changes in functional capacity can create greater independence in daily living. Physical activity also…

Youth participation in sports has increased greatly over the past 20 years. Consequently, there has been a rise in the number of sports injuries. A study was conducted to determine teen's level of physical activity, knowledge about risk factors for sports injuries, use of protective equipment, and parental involvement. Two groups of teens, one of…

This book covers the developmental benefits of athletics. It provides a step-by-step model for setting up a comprehensive high school program, a guide for college-bound athletes, seven case studies, and an outline of counselors' responsibilities. The book is divided into three major parts: the athletic environment and the athlete's participation…

This report presents texts adopted in the field of sport by the Council of Europe, focusing on legal and political texts. There are four parts: (1) "Texts Adopted by the Committee of Ministers" (Second Summit Final Declaration, Conventions, Resolutions, and Recommendations); (2) "Texts Adopted at Conferences, Working Parties, and…

This document summarizes seminars and papers of the Council of Europe's Committee for the Development of Sport. Section 1, "Sport and Physical Education for Children and Young People," discusses such topics as training physical educators, introduction to sport at school, sport for children, testing physical fitness, education against…

This digest examines the status of girls' and women's athletics more than 20 years after the 1972 passage of Title IX of the Education Amendments to the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits sex discrimination in education programs or activities receiving federal financial assistance. It notes trends in Title IX implementation, the impact of…