An individual free token/response cost system was used to decrease the stuttering of an elementary-level student. Reasons for the effectiveness of this technique may include its provision of immediate feedback, use of visual cues, and simple recordkeeping. (Author/CL)

Purpose: To investigate the effect of repeated exposure to delayed auditory feedback (DAF) during a 3-month period outside a clinical environment and with only minimal clinical guidance on speech fluency in people who stutter. Method: A pretest-post-test design was used with repeated exposure to DAF during 3 months as the independent variable.…

The report summarizes a project investigating effects of biofeedback on nine secondary students with speech problems including stuttering, vocal nodules, articulation problems, and cerebral palsy. It is explained that a portable electromyograph was used to give the students immediate visual and/or auditory feedback. Results listed include that Ss…

Using comparative speech tasks and EMG recordings to assess the potential of EMG biofeedback-assisted relaxation to reduce stuttering, a preschool child was able to reduce larynegeal tension but not without some difficulty. The small effect of the training was in the direction of less stuttering. (Author/CM)

The influence of visual signals (echo and reverberation) on speech fluency in 60 stutterers and nonstutterers was examined. Visual signals were found to exert a corrective influence on the speech of stutterers but less than the influence of acoustic stimuli. Use of visual signals in combination with acoustic and tactile signals is recommended. (DB)

Several experiments that manipulate stuttering by the use of delayed auditory feedback (DAF) and the prolongation of speech are reported. In a study on six severe stutterers (aged 15 to 47), self monitoring as a source of reinforcement in the use of DAF reduced stuttering frequency. Stuttering frequency was investigated with six severe stutterers…