Parental substance abuse is associated with adverse health and developmental outcomes for children. Existing research, however, has not fully explored the relative magnitude of the associations between maternal, paternal, and both parents' substance abuse and child outcomes, nor has it examined these associations in regard to substance abuse among…

The authors investigated the relationship between student academic achievement and individual child and family factors. The sample consisted of 10- to 11-year-olds (N = 2,081) from the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, which is a stratified random sample of 22,831 households in Canada. From scale and factor analyses,…

This Statistics in Brief describes the differences in the distributions of nonschool factors related to student achievement among 15-year-old students and their families in the United States and other countries at similar levels of economic development. The first objective was to describe how the United States differs from the other countries…

While the living conditions of children and young people in the European Union have gained increasing recognition across the EU, the well-being of children is not monitored on the European level. Based on a rights-based, multi-dimensional understanding of child well-being we analyse data already available for the EU 25, using series data as well…

To study school realism in young children, a questionnaire in conversation form was administered to thirty 5- and 6-year-olds in a suburban Paris nursery school. Questions concerned the children's perceptions of school-and home-learning. (MS)

Eighteen studies on the correlation of home environment and learning were selected, and their results synthesized. The analyses suggest that ability and achievement are more closely linked to the socio-psychological environment and intellectual stimulation in the home than they are to parental socioeconomic status indicators. (Author/BW)

Investigates the relationship between the home experiences of six children aged five years and their level of numerical understanding. High scorers were characterized by exposure to a wide range of number experiences, a strong family orientation towards numeracy, and the opportunity to observe their mothers using numbers to solve everyday…

Examined association between residential density and parent/child speech in toddlers and parents participating in the University of Kansas Language Acquisition Project. Found that parents in crowded homes spoke with children in less complex, sophisticated ways than parents in uncrowded homes. The association was mediated by parental…

Life history theorists have proposed that humans have evolved to be sensitive to specific features of early childhood environments and that exposure to different environments biases children toward development of different reproductive strategies, including differential pubertal timing. The current research provides a longitudinal test of this…

Research Findings: Children require cognitive skills (e.g., phoneme awareness, verbal intelligence) and environmental resources (e.g., stimulation, print exposure) to acquire reading. This investigation examined the additional contribution of parental nurturance to literacy development during the transition from preschool to elementary school.…

This report presents information about the educational, home, and community experiences of American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) fourth- and eighth-grade students that was collected during the National Indian Education Study (NIES) of 2007. AI/AN students represent about 1 percent of the student population in the United States. Approximately…

This study examined a host of variables the literature or focus groups showed to influence student motivation to achieve academically. Secondary school teachers in Doha, Qatar were asked to identify the five most and five least motivated students in their classrooms. They also were asked to estimate the degree of involvement the parents had in the…

Nontransient 6th- and 8th-grade urban middle school students' achievement test scores were examined before (4th grade) and during (6th or 8th grade) enrollment in a performing ensemble. Ensemble participation (band, choir, none) and subject variables of socioeconomic status (SES) and home environment were considered. Fourth- and 6th-grade…

In 1966, James Coleman's massive American schooling survey concluded that family background was principally associated with the existing inequities in cognitive achievement. Coleman's conclusion about schooling's minimal influence on academic performance violated an educational consciousness viewing school as the "great equalizer." Two…

Investigated relationships among parenting knowledge, quality of stimulation in the home environment, and infant developmental performance in three socioeconomic status groups. In low socioeconomic status families, parenting knowledge was significantly associated with quality of stimulation in the home environment, which in turn was significantly…