A rationale for the study of Canada by Americans is advocated in this paper. Among the justifications for the study are: our common geographical environment; our need to comparatively understand the cultural, economic, political, and social differences and similarities of the two countries; the part Canada can play in serving as a laboratory for U. S. experiments; the question of resources for future development of our own society; security needs; examination of differing viewpoints toward foreign policy; investment possibilities; and study of anti-Americanism. While geography supports the logic of unification that has made Americans and Canadians neighbors and allies, history and economics have not made the two countries amiable partners. Elimination of ignorance about Canada through the implementation of Canadian studies in U. S. schools and colleges can contribute much toward cooperation between the two countries. (SJM)