This paper examines changes in social attitudes toward preschool institutional care in the Czech Republic over the last 50 years and discusses whether the present economic situation enables Czech families to decide which type of preschool care to choose for their children. The historic period is divided into two time periods for analysis: (1) the…

Reviews the literature on school closing and discusses organizational, social, and political factors that determine which schools close and which remain open in New York City. Considers data from the 1970s and projections for the 1980s. (GC)

Jean-Jacques Rousseau's educational and political thought is compared to that of John Locke. Rousseau's theories, as expressed in "Emile," are placed in the context of some of that author's other works to show how his educational theories can seem practical in terms of his views on social and political inequality. (PP)

Historical and social climates can determine the strength or weakness of racial movements. Before 1960, when institutional racism was prevalent, Black educators were discouraged from participating fully in Black activism. After 1960, government anti-discrimination efforts gave Black educators more freedom to combat racism. (Author/MJL)

Analyzes the poetry of Nicomedes Santa Cruz, a Black Peruvian, as reflective of sociopolitical developments, culture, and religion in a country where Blacks have historically occupied a low social status. Interprets Santa Cruz's poems as expressions of a search for self-identity and for international solidarity through Christian brotherhood.…

Compares the impact of common law and reform rape legislation on prosecution based on analysis of 445 forcible and statutory rape cases in King County, Washington. Concludes that the impact of the statutory reform has been mainly symbolic and educative for society at large, rather than instrumental for law enforcement. (Author/MJL)

Proposes that (1) during most of the nineteenth century leadership in public education primarily took the form of guiding a decentralized social movement; and (2) at the turn of the twentieth century much of the direction of the educational system devolved upon university experts and professional managers. (Author/DB)

A look at the history of intelligence testing suggests that those most closely allied with intelligence testing were often least able to see the larger issues. Input is needed from those who have examined broader currents in the history and sociology of ideas. New ideas must be cultivated to avoid redundancy in the field. (SLD)

Investigated the effects of sociopolitical upheaval on Bulgarian youths' adaptation and perceptions of supportive environment, particularly the stability and change of schools as a protective factor in this process. High school students, surveyed twice over 2 years, perceived supportive environments as either stable or improved; saw declines in…

Traces the evolution of the curriculum designed for Black education in South Africa since the colonial penetration of the 1650s to the present. Argues that the curriculum reflects sociopolitical influences and that postapartheid curriculum reform is limited by extracurricular factors. (FMW)

Provides a lesson plan on the Great Depression in which students examine the social, economic, and political events of the period through a study of radio broadcasting. Describes an activity in which students research the era and create a radio broadcast. Outlines activity guidelines, radio language, and evaluation methods. (RW)

Stresses the idea that students today must understand the importance of the political, economic, and social process that were prevalent in the postbellum South if they are to understand the subsequent events of the twentieth century. Discusses a number of works that will provide background information of this nature. (KO)

Defines collaborating systems, i.e., hardware, software, communications, and people working together; examines the need for machine-supported collaboration; and addresses the major obstacles impeding the progress of collaboration, including economic, political, human, and technical factors. A framework for the implementation of machine-supported…

This presidential address discusses realities that may alter political, social, and economic priorities in the future; examines how these realities will affect the lives of people with mental retardation and their families; and addresses ideas for responding to these realities and promoting greater opportunities and quality of life for citizens…

Presents an annotated bibliography of 44 information sources on computer technology in Eastern Europe. Topics addressed include the history of computer technology in former Soviet Bloc countries; computer use in the economic, military, and educational sectors; information technology and its effect on society; and technology transfer and East-West…