Examined the contributions of positive social support and negative social exchange in the relationship between stress and health symptoms. College student surveys indicated that negative social exchange significantly predicted physical symptoms, while positive social support did not. The relationship between negative social interaction and…

This article examines health promotion and disease prevention from the perspective of social cognitive theory. This theory posits a multifaceted causal structure in which self-efficacy beliefs operate together with goals, outcome expectations, and perceived environmental impediments and facilitators in the regulation of human motivation, behavior,…

Explores a structural exchange theory of marital interaction. Discusses importance of considering structural and temporal dimensions involved in marital exchange. Suggests examining the influence of the social structure on the cognitive orientations of marital partners and the subsequent exchange relationship. Examines how trust and commitment…

A study is described that shows how three different social theories might explain the growth of vocational interests among undergraduate students during the 1970s. Changes in undergraduate degree choices between the years 1970-71 and 1977-78 are described for all students and for men and women considered separately. (Author/MLW)

The expanded socio-psychophysiological model (SPPM) appears to provide a meaningful paradigm for explaining the psycho-psysiological effects of Social Reinforcement Systems (SRS). This model may be used to assist individuals, and the society, to become more aware of the effects that social practices have on the immediate and long-term actions of…

Hypotheses derived from social learning and exchange concepts regarding determinants of parenting practices were tested on 61 families, each with a seventh grader, using self-report measures and coders' ratings of videotaped family interaction. Findings indicated determinants of parenting differed somewhat by sex and different factors predicted…

Contends that questions about power and who has it dominated U.S. political and social discourse. Discusses five aspects of power and art: (1) three power/art relationships; (2) the struggle between individuals and systems; (3) power applications; (4) current power contexts; and (5) major futures issues. (CFR)

The paper describes a research project to determine fertility-related family decision making processes. Fertility-related decisions are interpreted as all ultimate choices made by spouses concerning the number and spacing of children they will have. Specifically, the research investigated how factors such as the desire for more or less egalitarian…